Department of Economics, EREC, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Jul 15;290:112539. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112539. Epub 2021 May 11.
The transition to sustainable energy requires an assessment of drivers of the use of clean and dirty fuels for cooking. Literature highlights the importance of access to clean fuel for switching from dirty fuels to clean fuels. Though access to cleaner fuels, such as electricity promotes clean fuel use, it does not necessarily lead to a complete transition to the use of clean fuels. Households continue using traditional fuels in addition to the clean fuels. The main objective of this paper is to explain the choice of dirty cooking fuels even when access to electricity is provided. We use nationally representative household survey data to study the household energy use decisions in three middle-income countries, namely, India, Kazakhstan, and the Kyrgyz Republic. The study discusses the role of access to natural gas, free fuel, convenience or multi-use of fuels featured by the heating system installed, built-in environment, and other socio-economic factors in household fuel choice for cooking. The results show that access to natural gas increases the likelihood of opting for clean fuel, while the availability of free fuel in rural areas and the coal-based heating system promote the use of solid fuels.
向可持续能源的过渡需要评估清洁和污染燃料用于烹饪的驱动因素。文献强调了获得清洁燃料对于从污染燃料向清洁燃料转换的重要性。尽管获得更清洁的燃料，如电力，促进了清洁燃料的使用，但这并不一定导致完全转向使用清洁燃料。家庭除了使用清洁燃料外，还继续使用传统燃料。本文的主要目的是解释即使提供了电力，为什么仍选择污染性烹饪燃料。我们使用具有代表性的国家住户调查数据，研究了印度、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦这三个中等收入国家的家庭能源使用决策。该研究讨论了获得天然气、免费燃料、便利性或燃料多功能性（由安装的供暖系统、内置环境和其他社会经济因素决定）在家庭烹饪燃料选择中的作用。结果表明，获得天然气增加了选择清洁燃料的可能性，而农村地区的免费燃料供应和基于煤炭的供暖系统促进了固体燃料的使用。
