Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2021 Jul;237:110266. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110266. Epub 2021 May 9.
Immunological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of mild to moderate equine asthma (MEA) are not completely understood. There are limited data on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood inflammatory cytokine profiles in racehorses with MEA, and the effect of racing on inflammatory cytokines is unknown.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that inflammatory cytokine gene expression in BALF and resting blood would be higher in racehorses with lower airway inflammation compared to healthy controls, and that gene expression in blood collected immediately post-race would be increased compared to resting blood in racehorses with lower airway inflammation.
38 racing Thoroughbreds (samples: 30 resting blood, 22 post-race BALF, 41 post-race blood).
Prospective observational study. Inflammatory cytokine gene expression was determined in resting blood, post-race BALF and post-race blood from racehorses with lower airway inflammation and controls.
Lower airway inflammation was diagnosed in 79 % of racehorses (23 % neutrophilic, 67 % mastocytic, and 10 % mixed). There was no difference in gene expression in BALF or resting blood between racehorses with lower airway inflammation and controls. IL-8 gene expression was higher in post-race blood compared to resting peripheral blood, regardless of disease (p = 0052). BALF neutrophil proportions increased with increasing IL-1β gene expression in all sample types (p = 0.0025). BALF mast cell proportions increased with increasing TNF-α gene expression in post-race blood (p = 0.015).
Lower airway inflammation was common in a population of racehorses without respiratory signs or exercise intolerance. Exercise alone increased peripheral blood IL-8 gene expression. Inflammatory cytokine gene expression was not increased in BALF or resting blood in horses with subclinical lower airway inflammation, precluding its diagnostic utility in clinical practice.
轻度至中度马气喘（MEA）发病机制中的免疫机制尚不完全清楚。患有 MEA 的赛马的支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）和血液炎症细胞因子谱的数据有限，并且运动对炎症细胞因子的影响尚不清楚。
假设/目的：我们假设与健康对照组相比，下呼吸道炎症的赛马的 BALF 和静息血液中的炎症细胞因子基因表达更高，并且下呼吸道炎症的赛马在赛后立即采集的血液中的基因表达与静息血液相比会增加。
38 匹参赛纯种马（样本：30 份静息血液、22 份赛后 BALF、41 份赛后血液）。
前瞻性观察性研究。在下呼吸道炎症和对照组的赛马的静息血液、赛后 BALF 和赛后血液中测定炎症细胞因子基因表达。
79%的赛马（23%嗜中性粒细胞、67%肥大细胞和 10%混合性）诊断为下呼吸道炎症。下呼吸道炎症的赛马与对照组的 BALF 或静息血液中的基因表达没有差异。无论疾病如何，赛后血液中的 IL-8 基因表达均高于静息外周血（p=0.0052）。在所有样本类型中，BALF 中性粒细胞比例随着 IL-1β基因表达的增加而增加（p=0.0025）。在赛后血液中，BALF 肥大细胞比例随着 TNF-α基因表达的增加而增加（p=0.015）。
在没有呼吸迹象或运动不耐受的赛马群体中，下呼吸道炎症很常见。单独运动增加外周血 IL-8 基因表达。在下呼吸道炎症的无症状马的 BALF 或静息血液中，炎症细胞因子基因表达没有增加，排除了其在临床实践中的诊断用途。
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