Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Apr;26:448-462. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.12.011. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
Dual-task conditions are commonly experienced in daily routines. The aim of the present systematic review is to investigate the effect of dual-task conditions on gait and balance performance in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to perform meta-analyses where applicable. Five databases, "ProQuest", "PubMed", "OTSeeker", "Scopus", and "PEDro" from the incipient date of databases up to Aug 24, 2020 were searched for studies focusing on the effects of dual-task conditions on gait and balance performance in children with CP. After removing irrelevant articles and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that walking speed was slower during dual-task conditions compared to single-task conditions in children with CP (WMD = -0.29 m/s, 95% CI = -0.34, -0.24, P ≤ 0.001) and walking speed decreased in children with CP during dual-task conditions in comparison with the typical development (TD) control group (WMD = -0.19 m/s, 95% CI = -0.23 to -0.15, P ≤ 0.001). The results of subgroup analysis based on the type of task indicated that adding concurrent tasks to walking degrades walking speed under varied dual-task conditions. Additionally, theoretical synthesis of the literature demonstrated that other gait and balance variables are changed by performing cognitive and motor secondary tasks differently. Although these changes may be compensatory strategies to retain their stability, there was not sufficient evidence to reach a firm conclusion. Research gaps and recommendations for future studies are discussed.
双任务条件在日常生活中很常见。本系统综述的目的是调查双任务条件对脑瘫儿童步态和平衡表现的影响，并在适用的情况下进行荟萃分析。从数据库建立之初到 2020 年 8 月 24 日，我们在五个数据库“ProQuest”、“PubMed”、“OTSeeker”、“Scopus”和“PEDro”中搜索了关于双任务条件对脑瘫儿童步态和平衡表现影响的研究。在剔除不相关的文章并应用纳入和排除标准后，本系统综述和荟萃分析纳入了 9 篇文章。荟萃分析的结果表明，脑瘫儿童在双任务条件下的步行速度比单任务条件下慢（WMD=-0.29 m/s，95%CI=-0.34，-0.24，P≤0.001），与典型发育（TD）对照组相比，脑瘫儿童在双任务条件下的步行速度下降（WMD=-0.19 m/s，95%CI=-0.23 至-0.15，P≤0.001）。基于任务类型的亚组分析结果表明，在不同的双任务条件下，同时进行步行和其他任务会降低步行速度。此外，文献的理论综合表明，执行认知和运动次要任务会以不同的方式改变其他步态和平衡变量。虽然这些变化可能是为了保持稳定而采取的补偿策略，但没有足够的证据得出明确的结论。讨论了研究空白和对未来研究的建议。
