Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, USA.
Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2021 Jul;139:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.001. Epub 2021 May 7.
Rumination, a passive, repetitive perseveration on the causes, meaning, and consequences of one's distress, has been linked to suicidal ideation and behavior. Less is known, however, about which specific characteristics of rumination confer risk for suicide-related outcomes. This study examined associations between four features of rumination-frequency, duration, perceived controllability, and content-and current suicidal ideation, lifetime suicide plans, and lifetime suicide attempts. A sample of 548 adults (53.6% female, Mage = 36.54 years, 80.8% White/European American) recruited via Amazon's MTurk completed a battery of self-report measures online. The perceived controllability of rumination was uniquely associated with suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts, controlling for other characteristics of rumination, generalized worry, and demographic characteristics. Perceived controllability was also related to lifetime suicide plans and attempts above and beyond current suicidal ideation. Interpersonal and health-related content areas were also related to suicide-related outcomes, though these effects were inconsistent across outcome. Overall, perceived controllability over one's thoughts may be a key factor that confers risk along the suicidality continuum. Future research should replicate and extend these findings in diverse populations, using longitudinal designs, and with a variety of methodologies.
反刍，一种对自己的痛苦的原因、意义和后果进行被动、重复、固执思考的行为，与自杀意念和行为有关。然而，人们对反刍的哪些特定特征会带来自杀相关结果的风险了解较少。本研究考察了反刍的四个特征（频率、持续时间、感知可控性和内容）与当前自杀意念、终生自杀计划和终生自杀尝试之间的关联。通过亚马逊的 MTurk 招募了 548 名成年人（53.6%为女性，Mage=36.54 岁，80.8%为白人/欧洲裔美国人），他们在线完成了一系列自我报告的测量。反刍的感知可控性与自杀意念、计划和尝试有关，控制了反刍、泛化担忧和人口统计学特征等其他特征。感知可控性也与终生自杀计划和尝试有关，而不仅仅与当前的自杀意念有关。人际和健康相关的内容领域也与自杀相关的结果有关，但这些影响在不同的结果中并不一致。总的来说，对自己的想法的感知可控性可能是沿着自杀连续性赋予风险的一个关键因素。未来的研究应该在不同的人群中复制和扩展这些发现，使用纵向设计，并采用多种方法。
