Azanova Maria, Herrojo Ruiz Maria, Belianin Alexis V, Klucharev Vasily, Nikulin Vadim V
Max Planck School of Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.
Front Neurosci. 2021 Apr 28;15:608699. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.608699. eCollection 2021.
Females demonstrate greater risk aversion than males on a variety of tasks, but the underlying neurobiological basis is still unclear. We studied how theta (4-7 Hz) oscillations at rest related to three different measures of risk taking. Thirty-five participants (15 females) completed the Bomb Risk Elicitation Task (BRET), which allowed us to measure risk taking during an economic game. The Domain-Specific Risk-Taking Scale (DOSPERT) was used to measure self-assessed risk attitudes as well as reward and punishment sensitivities. In addition, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS11) was included to quantify impulsiveness. To obtain measures of frontal theta asymmetry and frontal theta power, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) acquired prior to task completion, while participants were at rest. Frontal theta asymmetry correlated with average risk taking during the game but only in the female sample. By contrast, frontal theta power correlated with risk taking as well as with measures of reward and punishment sensitivity in the joint sample. Importantly, we showed that reward sensitivity mediated a correlation between risk taking and the power of theta oscillations localized to the anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, we observed significant sex differences in source- and sensor-space theta power, risk taking during the game, and reward sensitivity. Our findings suggest that sensitivity to rewards, associated with resting-state theta oscillations in the anterior cingulate cortex, is a trait that potentially contributes to sex differences in risk taking.
在各种任务中，女性比男性表现出更强的风险规避倾向，但其潜在的神经生物学基础仍不清楚。我们研究了静息状态下的θ波（4 - 7赫兹）振荡与三种不同风险承担测量指标之间的关系。35名参与者（15名女性）完成了炸弹风险诱发任务（BRET），该任务使我们能够在经济游戏中测量风险承担情况。使用特定领域风险承担量表（DOSPERT）来测量自我评估的风险态度以及奖惩敏感度。此外，还纳入了巴拉特冲动性量表（BIS11）以量化冲动性。为了获得额叶θ波不对称性和额叶θ波功率的测量值，我们在任务完成前，当参与者处于静息状态时，使用脑磁图（MEG）进行测量。额叶θ波不对称性与游戏期间的平均风险承担相关，但仅在女性样本中如此。相比之下，额叶θ波功率与风险承担以及联合样本中的奖惩敏感度测量指标相关。重要的是，我们表明奖励敏感度介导了风险承担与位于前扣带回皮层的θ波振荡功率之间的相关性。此外，我们观察到在源空间和传感器空间的θ波功率、游戏期间的风险承担以及奖励敏感度方面存在显著的性别差异。我们的研究结果表明，与前扣带回皮层静息态θ波振荡相关的奖励敏感度是一种可能导致风险承担性别差异的特质。
