Baldensperger Tim, Glomb Marcus A
Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.
Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 29;9:664553. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664553. eCollection 2021.
Posttranslational protein modification by lysine acylation is an emerging mechanism of cellular regulation and fine-tunes metabolic processes to environmental changes. In this review we focus on recently discovered pathways of non-enzymatic lysine acylation by reactive acyl-CoA species, acyl phosphates, and α-dicarbonyls. We summarize the metabolic sources of these highly reactive intermediates, demonstrate their reaction mechanisms, give an overview of the resulting acyl lysine modifications, and evaluate the consequences for cellular regulatory processes. Finally, we discuss interferences between lysine acylation and lysine ubiquitylation as a potential molecular mechanism of dysregulated protein homeostasis in aging and related diseases.
赖氨酸酰化介导的蛋白质翻译后修饰是一种新出现的细胞调节机制，可根据环境变化对代谢过程进行微调。在本综述中，我们重点关注最近发现的由反应性酰基辅酶A、酰基磷酸酯和α-二羰基化合物介导的非酶促赖氨酸酰化途径。我们总结了这些高反应性中间体的代谢来源，阐述了它们的反应机制，概述了由此产生的酰基赖氨酸修饰，并评估了其对细胞调节过程的影响。最后，我们讨论了赖氨酸酰化和赖氨酸泛素化之间的相互干扰，这可能是衰老及相关疾病中蛋白质稳态失调的潜在分子机制。
