Lantz Crystal L, Quinlan Elizabeth M
Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Cereb Cortex Commun. 2021 Mar 3;2(2):tgab016. doi: 10.1093/texcom/tgab016. eCollection 2021.
The temporal frequency of sensory stimulation is a decisive factor in the plasticity of perceptual detection thresholds. However, surprisingly little is known about how distinct temporal parameters of sensory input differentially recruit activity of neuronal circuits in sensory cortices. Here we demonstrate that brief repetitive visual stimulation induces long-term plasticity of visual responses revealed 24 h after stimulation and that the location and generalization of visual response plasticity is determined by the temporal frequency of the visual stimulation. Brief repetitive low-frequency stimulation (2 Hz) is sufficient to induce a visual response potentiation that is expressed exclusively in visual cortex layer 4 and in response to a familiar stimulus. In contrast, brief, repetitive high-frequency stimulation (HFS, 20 Hz) is sufficient to induce a visual response potentiation that is expressed in all cortical layers and transfers to novel stimuli. HFS induces a long-term suppression of the activity of fast-spiking interneurons and primes ongoing gamma oscillatory rhythms for phase reset by subsequent visual stimulation. This novel form of generalized visual response enhancement induced by HFS is paralleled by an increase in visual acuity, measured as improved performance in a visual detection task.
感觉刺激的时间频率是感知检测阈值可塑性的决定性因素。然而，令人惊讶的是，对于感觉输入的不同时间参数如何不同地募集感觉皮层中神经回路的活动，我们知之甚少。在这里，我们证明短暂的重复视觉刺激会诱导刺激后24小时出现的视觉反应的长期可塑性，并且视觉反应可塑性的位置和泛化由视觉刺激的时间频率决定。短暂的重复低频刺激（2赫兹）足以诱导仅在视觉皮层第4层表达且针对熟悉刺激的视觉反应增强。相比之下，短暂的重复高频刺激（HFS，20赫兹）足以诱导在所有皮层层表达并转移到新刺激的视觉反应增强。HFS诱导快速发放中间神经元活动的长期抑制，并使正在进行的伽马振荡节律为随后的视觉刺激引发的相位重置做好准备。由HFS诱导的这种新型广义视觉反应增强与视力提高并行，视力提高通过视觉检测任务中的表现改善来衡量。
