长非编码 RNA 的不断发展的观点以及淋巴细胞状态和记忆的表观基因组控制。
Evolving Views of Long Noncoding RNAs and Epigenomic Control of Lymphocyte State and Memory.
机构信息
Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2022 Jan 4;14(1):a037952. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037952.
Not simply an attribute of the adaptive immune system, immunological memory can be viewed on multiple levels. Accordingly, the molecular basis of memory comprises multiple mechanisms. The advent of new sequencing technologies has greatly enhanced the understanding of gene regulation and lymphocyte specification, and improved measurement of chromatin states affords new insights into the epigenomic and transcriptomic programs that underlie memory. Beyond canonical genes, the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is becoming increasingly apparent, and it appears that there are more than two to three times as many lncRNAs as protein-coding genes. lncRNAs can directly interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins, and a single lncRNA can contain multiple modular domains and thus interact with different classes of molecules. Yet, most lncRNAs have not been tested for function, and even fewer knockout mice have been generated. It is therefore timely to consider new potential mechanisms that may contribute to immune memory.
免疫记忆不仅仅是适应性免疫系统的一个属性，还可以在多个层面上进行观察。因此，记忆的分子基础包括多种机制。新测序技术的出现极大地增强了我们对基因调控和淋巴细胞特异性的理解，并且改善了对染色质状态的测量，为记忆所依赖的表观基因组和转录组程序提供了新的见解。除了经典基因之外，长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）的参与也越来越明显，似乎 lncRNA 的数量是编码蛋白基因的两倍甚至三倍以上。lncRNA 可以直接与 DNA、RNA 和蛋白质相互作用，并且单个 lncRNA 可以包含多个模块化结构域，从而与不同类别的分子相互作用。然而，大多数 lncRNA 尚未经过功能测试，生成的 lncRNA 敲除小鼠也很少。因此，现在正是考虑可能有助于免疫记忆的新潜在机制的时机。
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