迈向统一的关怀生命历程理论，以促进更好的自我护理和关怀解决方案：讨论文件。
Towards a unifying caring life-course theory for better self-care and caring solutions: A discussion paper.
机构信息
College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
出版信息
J Adv Nurs. 2022 Jan;78(1):e6-e20. doi: 10.1111/jan.14887. Epub 2021 May 18.
AIM
To present the first iteration of the caring life-course theory.
BACKGROUND
Despite requiring care from birth to death, a person's universal or fundamental care needs and the subsequent care provision, either by self or others, has yet to be presented within a life-course perspective. Accurately describing the care people require across their lifespan enables us to identify who, what type, how and where this care should be provided. This novel perspective can help to legitimise a person's care needs and the support they require from wider care systems and contexts.
DESIGN
Discussion paper outlines theory development. We adopted an inductive approach to theory development, drawing upon existing literature and the team's diverse experiences. Our theoretical insights were refined through a series of collaborative meetings to define the theory's constructs, until theoretical saturation was reached.
DISCUSSION
Fourteen constructs are identified as essential to the theory. We propose it is possible, using these constructs, to generate caring life-course trajectories and predict divergences in these trajectories. The novel contribution of the theory is the interplay between understanding a person's care needs and provision within the context of their lifespan and personal histories, termed their care biography, and understanding a person's care needs and provision at specific points in time within a given care network and socio-political context.
IMPACT FOR NURSING
The caring life-course theory can provide a roadmap to inform nursing and other care industry sectors, providing opportunities to integrate and deliver care from the perspective of the person and their care history, trajectories and networks, with those of professional care teams. It can help to shape health, social and economic policy and involve individuals, families and communities in more constructive ways of talking about the importance of care for improved quality of life and healthy societies.
目的
呈现关怀生命历程理论的首次迭代。
背景
尽管一个人从出生到死亡都需要关怀，但他的普遍或基本的关怀需求以及随后的关怀提供，无论是由自己还是他人提供，尚未从生命历程的角度呈现出来。准确描述人们在整个生命周期中所需的关怀，使我们能够确定谁、什么类型、如何以及在哪里提供这种关怀。这种新视角有助于使一个人的关怀需求及其从更广泛的关怀系统和环境中获得的支持合法化。
设计
讨论文件概述了理论发展。我们采用了一种归纳法来进行理论发展，借鉴了现有文献和团队的多样化经验。通过一系列协作会议，我们对理论的结构进行了精炼，直到达到理论饱和。
讨论
确定了 14 个对理论至关重要的结构。我们提出，使用这些结构，可以生成关怀生命历程轨迹，并预测这些轨迹的分歧。该理论的新颖贡献是在一个人的关怀需求和在其生命周期和个人历史背景下的提供之间的相互作用，我们称之为他们的关怀传记，以及在特定的关怀网络和社会政治背景下，在特定时间点理解一个人的关怀需求和提供。
对护理的影响
关怀生命历程理论可以为护理和其他关怀行业部门提供路线图，为从个人及其关怀历史、轨迹和网络的角度出发，与专业关怀团队的角度相结合，提供集成和提供关怀的机会。它有助于塑造健康、社会和经济政策，并以更具建设性的方式让个人、家庭和社区参与到关怀对提高生活质量和健康社会的重要性的讨论中。
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