Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48. 30203, Cartagena, Spain.
, Cartagena, Spain.
Environ Geochem Health. 2022 Apr;44(4):1317-1327. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-00967-2. Epub 2021 May 19.
The phytostabilization of mine tailings requires a previous assessment of the effects of soil amendments on metal mobility. The goal of this work was to evaluate the response of metal availability (both labile and potentially available pools) to the addition of two organic amendments (a municipal waste biosolid and a tree biochar), separately and in combination, in a mine tailings substrate. For this purpose, a comprehensive comparison among several single extraction procedures and a sequential extraction procedure was performed. The effects on metals phytotoxicity were assessed through a germination test using seeds of Zygophyllum fabago. When evaluating the effect of the amendments in the labile metal pool, the biochar resulted effective in decreasing metal-extractable concentrations, especially for Cd, Mn and Zn. The treatment with biochar also showed better germination parameters (percentage of germinated seeds and sooner germination) than the rest of the unamended and amended treatments. The use of the municipal organic biosolid increased labile metal concentrations and potentially available metal pools assessed with EDTA and did not contribute to achieve better results of seed germination. Compared to the single biosolid treatment, the combination of biochar/biosolid modulated some labile metal concentrations and showed similar germination parameters to those obtained for the treatment amended only with biochar. This positive effect of biochar in modulating the soluble metal concentrations associated with certain urban/agricultural organic materials supported the suitability of using these combinations in field applications, although a higher rate of biochar application would be recommended to obtain a more beneficial effect.
矿山尾矿的植物稳定化需要预先评估土壤改良剂对金属迁移性的影响。这项工作的目的是评估添加两种有机改良剂（城市废物生物固体和树木生物炭）对矿山尾矿基质中金属生物有效性（可利用和潜在可利用的金属）的影响，单独添加和组合添加。为此，对几种单一提取程序和顺序提取程序进行了全面比较。通过使用 Zygophyllum fabago 种子进行发芽试验评估了对金属毒性的影响。在评估可利用金属池中改良剂的效果时，生物炭可有效降低金属可提取浓度，特别是 Cd、Mn 和 Zn。生物炭处理的发芽参数（发芽种子的百分比和发芽时间）也优于未经改良和其他改良处理。使用城市有机生物固体增加了 EDTA 评估的可利用金属浓度和潜在可利用金属池，但不能促进种子发芽的更好结果。与单一生物固体处理相比，生物炭/生物固体的组合调节了某些可利用金属浓度，并且与仅用生物炭改良的处理相比，显示出相似的发芽参数。生物炭在调节与某些城市/农业有机材料相关的可溶性金属浓度方面的积极作用支持了在田间应用中使用这些组合的适宜性，尽管建议使用更高比例的生物炭来获得更有益的效果。
