Ben Aïssa Assma, Niculescu Maria-Viviana, Migliorini Denis
Département d'oncologie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.
Centre de recherche translationnelle en onco-hématologie, UNIGE, 1211 Genève 4.
Rev Med Suisse. 2021 May 19;17(739):985-993.
Adoptive cell therapy with CAR-T cells (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells) genetically modifies T lymphocytes in such a way that they express a new receptor capable of targeting certain specific tumor antigens. This therapy showed impressive results in some hematological malignancies but still faces many hurdles in the treatment of solid tumours. Indeed, paucity of antigen targets, antigen heterogeneity, poor trafficking to the tumor site and the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment are the main challenges in solid tumours. The rapid advancement of CARs technologies, coupled with a better understanding of the mechanisms of efficiency, toxicity and resistance, pave the way for the success of CAR-T cells in solid tumours.
嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T细胞）过继性细胞疗法对T淋巴细胞进行基因改造，使其表达一种能够靶向某些特定肿瘤抗原的新受体。这种疗法在一些血液系统恶性肿瘤中显示出令人瞩目的效果，但在实体瘤治疗中仍面临许多障碍。事实上，抗原靶点稀少、抗原异质性、向肿瘤部位的归巢能力差以及免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境是实体瘤治疗的主要挑战。CAR技术的快速发展，加上对疗效、毒性和耐药机制的更好理解，为CAR-T细胞在实体瘤治疗中的成功铺平了道路。
