Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 Korpusnaya str, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 197110.
Agrophysical Research Institute, 14 Grazhdanskiy pr., Saint Petersburg, Russia, 195220.
Environ Geochem Health. 2022 Jan;44(1):69-82. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-00973-4. Epub 2021 May 20.
The effect of oil contamination on growth of mono- and dicotyledonous plants (clover and ryegrass), on the one hand, and the effect of plants on oil biodegradation in soil, on the other hand, were studied in a long-term field experiment. It was found that plants respond differently to oil contamination of soddy-podzolic soil. Clover was more resistant to oil than ryegrass. Biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) was not disturbed in clover, and the plant yield was fully restored by the end of the third growing season. The content of oxidative enzymes in clover leaves was 2-10 times higher than in ryegrass. Biological activity of soil planted with clover was 1.5-2 times higher correlating with the biochemical parameters of plants. Higher basal respiration in soil planted with clover corresponded to the enhanced oil biodegradation. The differences in the carbon of oil products between soils planted with clover and ryegrass appeared at the end of the third growing season at high doses of oil (5 and 10 L m).
在一项长期田间试验中，研究了油污对单双子叶植物（三叶草和黑麦草）生长的影响，以及植物对土壤中石油生物降解的影响。结果发现，植物对草甸暗棕壤的油污污染有不同的反应。三叶草比黑麦草更能抵抗油污。三叶草的光合作用色素（叶绿素和类胡萝卜素）的生物合成没有受到干扰，并且在第三个生长季节结束时，植物的产量完全恢复。三叶草叶片中的氧化酶含量比黑麦草高 2-10 倍。种植三叶草的土壤的生物活性与植物的生化参数相关，比种植黑麦草的土壤高 1.5-2 倍。种植三叶草的土壤的基础呼吸较高，与石油的生物降解增强相对应。在高剂量的油（5 和 10 L m）下，种植三叶草和黑麦草的土壤中油产物的碳差异在第三个生长季节结束时出现。
