Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
Key Laboratory for Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Oct;28(39):54792-54801. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-14316-4. Epub 2021 May 20.
Inappropriate farm management practices can lead to increased agricultural inputs and changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, impacting climate change. This study was initiated in 2012 to assess the potential for straw retention to mitigate the negative environmental impact of various cropping systems on the Songnen Plain using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method combined with field survey data. Straw retention (STR) and straw removal (STM) treatments were established in continuous corn (CC) and corn-soybean rotation (CS) systems in a split-plot experiment. The effects of straw retention on the carbon footprint (CF) of cropland under different cropping systems were compared. The CF under CC was 2434-2707 kg CO ha year, 49-57% higher than that under CS. Nitrogen fertilizer produced the most CO, accounting for 66-80% of the CF. The carbon balances of the CC and CS systems with STR were positive, with annual carbon sequestrations of 9633 and 2716 kg CO ha year, respectively. The carbon balance (CB) of CC-STR was 255% higher than that of CS-STR. This study demonstrates that STR under CC cultivation is an environmentally friendly practice for agricultural production, can help achieve high-yield and low-carbon production in rainfed cropland, and can support the sustainable development of grain production in Northeast China.
不当的农场管理实践会导致农业投入增加和大气温室气体（GHG）排放的变化，从而影响气候变化。本研究于 2012 年启动，旨在利用生命周期评估（LCA）方法结合田间调查数据，评估秸秆还田在减轻松嫩平原不同种植制度对环境的负面影响方面的潜力。在连续玉米（CC）和玉米-大豆轮作（CS）系统中进行了裂区试验，设置了秸秆还田（STR）和秸秆移出（STM）处理。比较了秸秆还田对不同种植制度下农田碳足迹（CF）的影响。CC 下的 CF 为 2434-2707kgCO2 ha-1 yr-1，比 CS 下高 49-57%。氮肥产生的 CO 最多，占 CF 的 66-80%。具有 STR 的 CC 和 CS 系统的碳平衡为正，年碳固存分别为 9633 和 2716kgCO2 ha-1 yr-1。CC-STR 的碳平衡比 CS-STR 高 255%。本研究表明，CC 种植下的 STR 是农业生产的一种环保实践，可以帮助实现雨养农田的高产低碳生产，并支持中国东北地区粮食生产的可持续发展。
