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一知半解:机构语言变化与减少性别偏见有关。

"Master" of none: Institutional language change linked to reduced gender bias.

机构信息

Department of Psychology.

出版信息

J Exp Psychol Appl. 2022 Mar;28(1):237-248. doi: 10.1037/xap0000326. Epub 2021 May 20.

DOI:10.1037/xap0000326
PMID:34014722
Abstract

Concern that masculine generic language (e.g., to mean humanity) perpetuates gender inequity has led several institutions to formally discourage its use. While previous experimental research indicates that generic terms like bring more exemplars of men than women to mind, only recently have researchers begun exploring additional consequences of gendered language. Understanding the range of processes affected is of particular importance when evaluating real-world policies. Yale University recently changed the title of a leadership role from to The present study ( = 341) investigated what exemplars come to mind (i.e., cognitive accessibility) while also probing memory for women and men in the leadership role both before and after Yale's language policy change. Students exposed to generated a male exemplar more than would be expected by the incidence of men and recognized actual men in the role more accurately (') than women in a face recognition task. Among students exposed to both biases were eliminated. The previous literature shows that masculine generic language brings men to mind. The present work demonstrates a similar effect but in an applied context while further documenting consequences for memory. Gender inclusive language polices have potential to reduce gender biased thinking with applied significance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

摘要

人们担心使用男性通用语言(例如“人类”)会导致性别不平等长期存在,这促使一些机构正式不再鼓励使用这种语言。虽然之前的实验研究表明,像“男人”这样的通用术语会让人联想到更多的男性而非女性,但最近研究人员才开始探索语言性别差异的其他后果。在评估现实世界的政策时,了解受影响的一系列过程尤为重要。耶鲁大学最近将一个领导角色的名称从“Dean of Students”改为“Dean of Students for Undergraduate Affairs”。本研究(n = 341)调查了当耶鲁大学改变语言政策后,接触到“Dean of Students for Undergraduate Affairs”的学生在想到相关人物时(即认知可及性),以及在领导角色中对男性和女性的记忆会发生什么变化。接触到“Dean of Students for Undergraduate Affairs”的学生比仅根据男性出现的频率更有可能联想到男性的例子,并且在人脸识别任务中,他们比女性更准确地识别出该角色中的实际男性(p' < 0.001)。而接触到“Dean of Students”的学生则没有表现出这两种偏见。之前的文献表明,男性通用语言会让人联想到男性。本研究在应用背景下展示了类似的效果,同时进一步记录了对记忆的影响。性别包容语言政策有可能减少性别偏见思维,并具有实际意义。(PsycInfo 数据库记录(c)2022 APA,保留所有权利)。

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PLoS One. 2023 Sep 20;18(9):e0290709. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290709. eCollection 2023.