Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Hajipur), Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, NH322, Hajipur 844102, Bihar, India.
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
Life Sci. 2021 Aug 1;278:119635. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119635. Epub 2021 May 17.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a persistent microvascular problem of diabetes mellitus is described as an elevated level of albumin excretion in urine and impaired renal activity. The morbidity and mortality of type-1 diabetics and type-2 diabetics due to end stage renal disease is also a result of the increased prevalence of DN. DN typically occurs as a consequence of an association among metabolic and hemodynamic variables, activating specific pathways leading to renal injury. According to current interventions, intensive glucose regulation decreases the threat of DN incidence and growth, and also suppressing the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a significant goal for hemodynamic and metabolism-related deformities in DN. However, the pathogenesis of DN is multifactorial so novel approaches other than glucose and blood pressure control are required for treatment. This review briefly summarizes the reported pathogenesis of DN, current interventions for its treatment, and possible novel interventions to unweave the thread of DN.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是糖尿病的一种持续的微血管问题，其特征是尿液中白蛋白排泄量升高和肾功能受损。1 型和 2 型糖尿病患者因终末期肾病而导致的发病率和死亡率也与 DN 的患病率增加有关。DN 通常是代谢和血液动力学变量之间关联的结果，激活特定的途径导致肾脏损伤。根据目前的干预措施，强化血糖控制可以降低 DN 发病和进展的威胁，抑制肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）也是治疗与血液动力学和代谢相关的 DN 畸形的重要目标。然而，DN 的发病机制是多因素的，因此除了控制血糖和血压外，还需要其他新的方法来治疗。这篇综述简要总结了 DN 的发病机制、目前的治疗方法以及可能的新干预措施，以解开 DN 的谜团。
