Characterization of plasma membrane lipids and luteinizing hormone receptors of ovine corpora lutea during luteolysis and early pregnancy.

Lipid composition of plasma membranes from luteal cells was examined to determine whether changes in this organelle occur during regression and maintenance of the corpus luteum in nonpregnant (NP) and pregnant (P) ewes, respectively. Forty ewes were assigned to be killed on Day 13 or 15 of the estrous cycle (D13-NP and D15-NP) or pregnancy (D13-P and D15-P). Purification of luteal plasma membranes on discontinuous sucrose gradients yielded two fractions, designated F1 and F2, that exhibited the greatest enrichment of 5'-nucleotidase activity (five- and fourfold, respectively) over that of the homogenate. These fractions also yielded the lowest contamination by endoplasmic reticulum as represented by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) cytochrome C reductase activity and mitochondrial membranes as indicated by succinate dehydrogenase activity. Predominant phospholipids identified in membranes obtained from all groups were phosphatidylcholine (PC, 48.9 +/- 0.6% of total phospholipid), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, 33.3 +/- 0.4%), sphingomyelin (SPH, 9.7 +/- 0.3%), phosphatidylserine (PS, 3.5 +/- 0.2%), and phosphatidylinositol (PI, 4.0 +/- 0.5%). No changes in microgram phospholipid/mg membrane protein were observed for any luteal phospholipid on D13 and 15 of the estrous cycle or pregnancy. No significant changes in the relative percentages of major fatty acids present in PC (palmitic [16:0], oleic [18:1]), PE (stearic [18:0], 18:1 and arachidonic [20:4]), or PS (18:0, 18:1, docosatetraenoic [22:4]), nor in the ratios of unsaturated (U) to saturated (S) fatty acids in these phospholipids were observed. Significant differences in unsaturated fatty acids of chain length greater than 20 carbons present in minor quantities in PC, PE, and PS were detected between NP and P ewes as well as between days within reproductive stage. The profile of major fatty acids present in PI revealed decreases in 18:0 and 20:4 in D15-NP and increases in 22:4 and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5) in luteal membranes of both D13- and D15-NP ewes relative to the levels of these fatty acids in PI of corresponding groups of pregnant ewes. There was a general trend for 20:4 levels of PC and PI in membranes of D15-NP ewes to be inversely related to those of D15-P ewes. Collectively, these changes were reflected by an increased U:S fatty acid ratio in luteal membrane PI during the estrous cycle. Specific binding of [125I] iodo-human chorionic gonadotropin to luteal plasma membranes from NP and P ewes on D13 and 15 (6/group) revealed similar affinities and concentrations of unoccupied luteinizing hormone (LH) receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)