Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico.
Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 10 Center Drive, Building 10CRC 3-3264, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2021 Jun;35(2):373-388. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2021.03.006.
Complex processes mediate immunity to fungal infections. Responses vary depending on the organism, morphogenic state, and infection site. Innate immune effectors such as epithelia, phagocytes, and soluble molecules detect pathogens, kill fungi, release cytokines, and prime the adaptive response. Adaptive responses to mucocutaneous or invasive disease are markedly different but intersect at certain pathways (molecules required for IL-23 and IL-12 signaling). Many of these pathways have been elucidated from the study of inborn errors of immunity. This review explores the general aspects of antifungal immunity and delves into the mechanisms that mediate protection from frequently encountered fungi.
复杂的过程介导了对真菌感染的免疫。反应因生物体、形态发生状态和感染部位而异。先天免疫效应器（如上皮细胞、吞噬细胞和可溶性分子）可以检测病原体、杀死真菌、释放细胞因子并启动适应性反应。黏膜或侵袭性疾病的适应性反应明显不同，但在某些途径（IL-23 和 IL-12 信号所需的分子）上相交。这些途径中的许多已从先天免疫缺陷的研究中阐明。本综述探讨了抗真菌免疫的一般方面，并深入研究了介导对常见真菌的保护机制。
