Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Department of molecular genetics, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Department of genetic monitoring, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2021;56(5):490-502. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2021.1913931. Epub 2021 May 21.
Obsolete organochlorine pesticides (OSPs) are currently prohibited as persistent organic pollutants that contaminate the environment. If undisposed, they continue to pollute soil and water, to accumulate in the food chain and to harm plants, animals and the human body. The aim of the study was to assess water and soil pollution around the storehouses of undisposed, banned OSPs and their possible genotoxic effect. The storehouses in four villages near Almaty, Kazakhstan were investigated. Chemical analysis confirmed contamination of water and soil around storehouses with OSPs. The genotoxic effect of water and soil samples was evaluated using model objects: , , sheep lymphocytes cultures and human lymphocytes cultures. It was found that water and soil samples caused mutagenic effect in all model systems. They increased the frequency of revertants in , the frequency of lethal mutations in chromosomes, and the frequency of chromosome aberrations in cultures of human and sheep lymphocytes. Although a genotoxic effect was demonstrated for each of these models, various models showed different sensitivity to the effects of pesticides and they varied degree of response. The association between the total content of OCPs in soil and the level of mutations for different model systems was discovered.
废弃的有机氯农药（OSP）目前被作为持久性有机污染物而禁止使用，因为它们会污染环境。如果不进行处理，它们将继续污染土壤和水，在食物链中积累，并对植物、动物和人体造成危害。本研究旨在评估哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图附近未处理的禁用 OSP 仓库周围的水和土壤污染情况及其可能的遗传毒性效应。对四个村庄的仓库进行了调查。化学分析证实，仓库周围的水和土壤受到 OSP 的污染。使用模型对象：、、绵羊淋巴细胞培养物和人淋巴细胞培养物来评估水和土壤样品的遗传毒性效应。结果发现，水和土壤样品在所有模型系统中均引起诱变效应。它们增加了细菌中的回复突变频率、染色体中的致死突变频率，以及人及绵羊淋巴细胞培养物中的染色体畸变频率。尽管这些模型中的每一个都显示出遗传毒性效应，但不同模型对农药的敏感性不同，其反应程度也不同。还发现了土壤中 OCP 总含量与不同模型系统突变水平之间的关联。
