Third University Department of Psychiatry, AHEPA University General Hospital, Department of Mental Health, Aristotle University, Faculty of Medicine, GR 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; Laboratory of Forensic Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, School of Medicine, GR 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Laboratory of Forensic Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, School of Medicine, GR 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2021 Jul;81:102184. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102184. Epub 2021 May 13.
The purpose of this study was to investigate overkill in the Greek population from a criminological and victimological point of view and explore possible correlations of the phenomenon with socio-cultural or psychiatric factors. Overall, 158 autopsies of overkill victims were identified throughout the 15-year records of the national forensic laboratories throughout the northern Greek mainland. The pattern that has emerged from the statistical results of the present study on the victims of overkill within the Greek borders was generally in line with global statistics on homicide victims, but also presented differences. The phenomenon correlated more with homicides in the context of mental disorders (within schizophrenia spectrum), other crimes (such as burglary) as well as domestic violence. Overall, males outnumbered females both as victims (approximately threefold) and as perpetrators in overkill homicide cases, but regarding domestic violence, the sad majority of overkill victims stood for females murdered with excessive violence by male relatives. Close female relatives (especially mothers and grandmothers) were also victimized by psychiatrically ill offenders. Female perpetrators tended to attack male individuals with whom they shared a relationship (intimate partners). An important finding was the fact that less than half the offenders' population with major mental disorders were diagnosed at the time of the offense. Overkill victims were found, on average, to be older than average homicide victims, being probably associated with the entailed difference in the physical strength ratio between the victim and the perpetrator.
本研究旨在从犯罪学和被害学的角度探讨希腊人口中超量杀人的现象，并探讨该现象与社会文化或精神因素之间可能存在的相关性。总体而言，在希腊北部大陆国家法医实验室的 15 年记录中，共确定了 158 例超量杀人受害者的尸检。本研究对希腊境内超量杀人受害者的统计结果所呈现的模式，总体上与全球凶杀案受害者的统计数据一致，但也存在差异。这一现象与精神障碍（精神分裂症谱系内）、其他犯罪（如盗窃）以及家庭暴力背景下的凶杀案相关性更高。总体而言，男性在超量杀人案件中的受害者（约三倍）和凶手人数均多于女性，但就家庭暴力而言，超量杀人受害者中令人痛心的大多数是被男性亲属用过度暴力杀害的女性。精神疾病患者也会对女性近亲（尤其是母亲和祖母）下手。女性凶手往往会攻击与她们有亲密关系的男性（亲密伴侣）。一个重要的发现是，在犯下罪行时，患有严重精神障碍的罪犯中，不到一半的人被诊断出患有该疾病。超量杀人受害者的年龄平均比一般凶杀案受害者大，这可能与受害者和凶手之间的体力差异有关。
