Chiu Chui-De, Siu Cheuk Ying, Ng Hau Ching, Baldwin Mark W
Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Conscious Cogn. 2021 Jul;92:103140. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103140. Epub 2021 May 19.
Although dispositional shame and guilt have been distinguished by perceptions of the self and behavioral responses, the underlying information processing patterns remain unclear. We hypothesized that an ability to contemplate alternatives to perceptions of the current environment, i.e., flexibility in perspective shifting, may be essential to both dispositions. Dispositional shame may additionally relate to negative relational knowledge that involves a self-representation of being rejected. One hundred and six community participants rated the two dispositions, and had their flexibility in perspective shifting and internalized self-association with rejection assessed. Regression analysis indicated that a lower cost of perspective shifting was observed with dispositional guilt and shame. Yet, unlike a direct association with perspective shifting for dispositional guilt, it was an interaction between perspective shifting and negative relational knowledge that accounted for dispositional shame. The association of dispositional shame with perspective shifting was contingent upon the tendency to pair the self with rejection.
尽管特质性羞耻和内疚通过自我认知和行为反应得以区分，但其潜在的信息处理模式仍不明确。我们推测，思考当前环境认知的替代方案的能力，即视角转换的灵活性，可能对这两种特质都至关重要。特质性羞耻可能还与涉及被拒绝的自我表征的消极关系知识有关。106名社区参与者对这两种特质进行了评分，并对他们视角转换的灵活性以及内化的与拒绝相关的自我联系进行了评估。回归分析表明，特质性内疚和羞耻的视角转换成本较低。然而，与特质性内疚与视角转换的直接关联不同，特质性羞耻是由视角转换和消极关系知识之间的相互作用所导致的。特质性羞耻与视角转换的关联取决于将自我与拒绝联系起来的倾向。
