Department of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2021 May 22;18(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s12984-021-00878-4.
Current myoelectric prostheses are multi-articulated and offer multiple modes. Switching between modes is often done through pre-defined myosignals, so-called triggers, of which the training hardly is studied. We evaluated if switching skills trained without using a prosthesis transfer to actual prosthesis use and whether the available feedback during training influences this transfer. Furthermore we examined which clinically relevant performance measures and which myosignal features were adapted during training.
Two experimental groups and one control group participated in a five day pre-test-post-test design study. Both experimental groups used their myosignals to perform a task. One group performed a serious game without seeing their myosignals, the second group was presented their myosignal on a screen. The control group played the serious game using the touchpad of the laptop. Each training session lasted 15 min. The pre- and post-test were identical for all groups and consisted of performing a task with an actual prosthesis, where switches had to be produced to change grip mode to relocate clothespins. Both clinically relevant performance measures and myosignal features were analysed.
10 participants trained using the serious game, 10 participants trained with the visual myosignal and 8 the control task. All participants were unimpaired. Both experimental groups showed significant transfer of skill from training to prosthesis use, the control group did not. The degree of transfer did not differ between the two training groups. Clinically relevant measure 'accuracy' and feature of the myosignals 'variation in phasing' changed during training.
Training switching skills appeared to be successful. The skills trained in the game transferred to performance in a functional task. Learning switching skills is independent of the type of feedback used during training. Outcome measures hardly changed during training and further research is needed to explain this. It should be noted that five training sessions did not result in a level of performance needed for actual prosthesis use. Trial registration The study was approved by the local ethics committee (ECB 2014.02.28_1) and was included in the Dutch trial registry (NTR5876).
目前的肌电假肢是多关节的，并提供多种模式。模式之间的切换通常通过预定义的肌电信号（所谓的触发器）完成，而对这些触发器的训练几乎没有研究。我们评估了在不使用假肢的情况下进行的切换技能训练是否会转移到实际的假肢使用中，以及训练过程中的可用反馈是否会影响这种转移。此外，我们还检查了在训练过程中适应了哪些与临床相关的性能测量和肌电信号特征。
两个实验组和一个对照组参加了一个为期五天的预测试-后测试设计研究。两个实验组都使用自己的肌电信号来完成任务。一组在不看自己肌电信号的情况下玩严肃游戏，另一组则在屏幕上显示自己的肌电信号。对照组使用笔记本电脑的触摸板玩严肃游戏。每个训练课程持续 15 分钟。所有组的预测试和后测试都是相同的，包括使用实际假肢完成一项任务，在任务中必须进行切换以改变握持模式来重新定位衣夹。分析了与临床相关的性能测量和肌电信号特征。
10 名参与者使用严肃游戏进行训练，10 名参与者使用视觉肌电信号进行训练，8 名参与者使用对照组任务进行训练。所有参与者均未受损。两个实验组都显示出从训练到假肢使用的技能转移有显著效果，对照组则没有。两个训练组之间的转移程度没有差异。与临床相关的测量指标“准确性”和肌电信号特征“相位变化的变化”在训练过程中发生了变化。
训练切换技能似乎是成功的。在游戏中训练的技能转移到了功能任务的表现中。切换技能的学习与训练过程中使用的反馈类型无关。在训练过程中，结果测量几乎没有变化，需要进一步研究来解释这一点。需要注意的是，五次训练课程并没有达到实际使用假肢所需的性能水平。
该研究得到了当地伦理委员会的批准（ECB 2014.02.28_1），并被纳入荷兰试验注册处（NTR5876）。
