Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2255:69-76. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1162-3_7.
Anoikis is a type of programmed cell death triggered by the loss of cellular interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and culminates in the activation of caspases. Specific interaction between cellular receptors such as integrins and the ECM is important to maintain cellular homeostasis in normal tissues through multiple cascades. This interaction provides not only physical attachment, but more importantly, vital interaction with the actin cytoskeleton and growth factors. Normal epithelial and endothelial cells require this interaction with ECM to survive. In cancer, the acquisition of anoikis resistance is a hallmark of malignant transformation and is required in the process of metastasis formation. As such, strategies to inhibit and/or counteract anoikis resistance are important in controlling cancer progression. In this chapter, we describe the method for detecting anoikis using cell viability and caspase activity assays.
细胞失巢凋亡是一种由细胞与细胞外基质（ECM）的相互作用丧失而引发的程序性细胞死亡，最终导致半胱天冬酶的激活。细胞受体（如整合素）与 ECM 之间的特定相互作用对于通过多种级联反应维持正常组织中的细胞内稳态非常重要。这种相互作用不仅提供了物理附着，而且更重要的是，与肌动蛋白细胞骨架和生长因子的重要相互作用。正常的上皮细胞和内皮细胞需要与 ECM 的这种相互作用才能存活。在癌症中，获得对细胞失巢凋亡的抵抗是恶性转化的标志，也是转移形成过程中所必需的。因此，抑制和/或对抗细胞失巢凋亡抵抗的策略对于控制癌症进展非常重要。在本章中，我们描述了使用细胞活力和半胱天冬酶活性测定法检测细胞失巢凋亡的方法。
