Turku Bioscience Center, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland.
Turku Bioscience Center, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland.
Curr Biol. 2021 May 24;31(10):R536-R542. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.038.
Tissue architecture and function are orchestrated by an intricate repertoire of cellular adhesion and signalling receptors, and by the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). The essential role of cell-tissue interactions in guiding organogenesis was identified in experimental embryology studies over a century ago, and in 1954 Grobstein laid down the fundamental concept of ECM being the ultimate integrator of cellular systems. Long before the main cell adhesion receptors were identified, Abercrombie and colleagues proposed in 1971 that cell attachment to the ECM substratum was mediated through electron-dense plaques containing longitudinal cytoplasmic filaments that localise to areas of the ventral cell membrane that lie close to the substratum. In 1982, Bissell and co-workers proposed "the minimum required unit for expression of tissue specific functions", a model depicting a structure in which the nucleus links to the ECM via cytoskeletal filament bundles that connect to a hypothetical transmembrane ECM adhesion receptor.
组织架构和功能是由细胞黏附和信号受体的复杂组合以及周围的细胞外基质（ECM）来调控的。在一个多世纪前的实验胚胎学研究中就已经确定了细胞-组织相互作用在指导器官发生中的重要作用，而在 1954 年，Grobstein 提出了 ECM 是细胞系统的最终整合者的基本概念。早在主要的细胞黏附受体被鉴定出来之前，1971 年 Abercrombie 及其同事就提出，细胞与 ECM 基质的附着是通过含有纵向细胞质丝的电子致密斑来介导的，这些细胞质丝定位于靠近基质的细胞膜腹侧的区域。1982 年，Bissell 及其同事提出了“表达组织特异性功能的最小必需单位”，这一模型描绘了一个结构，其中核通过连接到 ECM 的细胞骨架丝束与一个假设的跨膜 ECM 黏附受体相连。
