Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, USA.
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, USA.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2021 Aug 1;533:111320. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111320. Epub 2021 May 24.
According to the National Cancer Institute in 2020 there will be an estimated 21,750 new ovarian cancer cases and 276,480 new breast cancer cases. Both breast and ovarian cancer are hormone dependent cancers, meaning they cannot grow without the presence of hormones. The two most studied hormones in these two cancers are estrogen and progesterone, which are also involved in the modulation of pain. The incidence of pain in breast and ovarian cancer is very high. Research about mechanisms involved in modulation of pain by hormones are still being debated, as some studies find estrogen to be anti-nociceptive and others pro-nociceptive in pain studies. Moreover, analgesic treatments for breast and ovarian cancer-associated pain are limited and often ineffective. In this review, we will focus on estrogen and progesterone mechanisms of action in modulation of pain and cancer. We will also discuss new treatment options for these types of cancer and associated-pain.
根据美国国家癌症研究所（National Cancer Institute）2020 年的统计数据，预计将有 21750 例新增卵巢癌病例和 276480 例新增乳腺癌病例。乳腺癌和卵巢癌都是激素依赖性癌症，这意味着没有激素的存在，它们就无法生长。在这两种癌症中，研究最多的两种激素是雌激素和孕激素，它们也参与疼痛的调节。乳腺癌和卵巢癌的疼痛发生率非常高。关于激素调节疼痛的机制的研究仍存在争议，因为一些研究发现雌激素在疼痛研究中具有抗伤害作用，而另一些研究则认为其具有伤害作用。此外，用于治疗乳腺癌和卵巢癌相关疼痛的镇痛治疗方法有限且往往效果不佳。在这篇综述中，我们将重点讨论雌激素和孕激素在疼痛和癌症调节中的作用机制。我们还将讨论这些类型癌症及其相关疼痛的新治疗选择。
