[养老院中新冠病毒抗原快速检测的内部效度]
[Internal validity of a rapid test for COVID-19 antigens in a nursing home].
作者信息
Diez Flecha C, Rivero Rodríguez A M, Fernández-Villa T, Fernández García P, Ferreira de Jesús J L, Sánchez Antolín G
机构信息
Gerencia de Atención Primaria de León, León, España.
Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente-Salud (GIIGAS), Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, España.
出版信息
Semergen. 2021 Jul-Aug;47(5):332-336. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2021.04.003. Epub 2021 Apr 27.
INTRODUCTION
RT-qPCR is the reference test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, rapid antigen detection tests (RADT) are now available. In this work, the internal validity of the RADT was evaluated in the context of an outbreak in a nursing home.
METHODS
Nasopharyngeal exudate samples were analyzed by RADT and RT-qPCR from 61 residents of a nursing home. The sensitivity and specificity of RADT with respect to RT-qPCR was calculated.
RESULTS
Specificity was 100% (95% CI 54.1-100.0), while sensitivity in asymptomatic people was 70.3% (95% CI 53.0-84.1) and in symptomatic people 83.3% (95% CI 51.6-97.9).
CONCLUSIONS
The RADTs are sufficiently sensitive and specific to be used as screening tests in nursing homes, especially in situations of outbreaks or suspected outbreaks due to the presence of symptoms.
引言
逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）是检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的参考检测方法，然而，现在已有快速抗原检测试验（RADT）。在这项研究中，在一家养老院爆发疫情的背景下评估了RADT的内部有效性。
方法
对一家养老院61名居民的鼻咽渗出液样本进行了RADT和RT-qPCR分析。计算了RADT相对于RT-qPCR的敏感性和特异性。
结果
特异性为100%（95%置信区间54.1-100.0），无症状人群的敏感性为70.3%（95%置信区间53.0-84.1），有症状人群的敏感性为83.3%（95%置信区间51.6-97.9）。
结论
RADT具有足够的敏感性和特异性，可作为养老院的筛查检测方法，尤其是在出现症状导致爆发或疑似爆发的情况下。
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