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电子束辐照聚丙烯和高密度聚乙烯的结晶行为研究。

Study of crystallization behaviour of electron beam irradiated polypropylene and high-density polyethylene.

作者信息

Svoboda Petr, Trivedi Krunal, Stoklasa Karel, Svobodova Dagmar, Ougizawa Toshiaki

机构信息

Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 275, 762 72 Zlin, Czech Republic.

Faculty of Humanities, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Stefanikova 5670, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic.

出版信息

R Soc Open Sci. 2021 Mar 31;8(3):202250. doi: 10.1098/rsos.202250.

DOI:10.1098/rsos.202250
PMID:34035941
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8101015/
Abstract

The influence of electron-beam irradiation on polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was investigated with a focus on crystallization. A high-temperature (200°C) creep test revealed that the HDPE gradually increased cross-linking density in the range 30-120 kGy, while the PP underwent a chain scission which was quantitatively evaluated by gel permeation chromatography. The mechanical properties were measured in the range -150 to 200°C by a dynamic mechanical analysis. A small presence of C=C and C=O bonds was found in the irradiated PP by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Crystallization kinetics measured by differential scanning calorimetry and hot-stage optical microscopy results were influenced tremendously by irradiation for HDPE and to a lesser extent for PP. Irradiation caused a decrease in both the number of nucleation centres and the growth rate of individual spherulites. Crystallization was analysed in detail with the help of Hoffman-Lauritzen, Avrami and Arrhenius equations. Interestingly an increasing -crystal formation with an increasing irradiation level was discovered for PP by X-ray diffraction. A generation of defects in the crystalline structure owing to irradiation was discussed.

摘要

研究了电子束辐照对聚丙烯（PP）和高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）的影响，重点关注结晶情况。高温（200°C）蠕变试验表明，HDPE在30 - 120 kGy范围内交联密度逐渐增加，而PP发生了链断裂，通过凝胶渗透色谱法对其进行了定量评估。通过动态力学分析在-150至200°C范围内测量了力学性能。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱法发现辐照后的PP中存在少量C = C和C = O键。差示扫描量热法和热台光学显微镜测量的结晶动力学结果受HDPE辐照的影响极大，受PP辐照的影响较小。辐照导致成核中心数量和单个球晶生长速率均下降。借助霍夫曼 - 劳里岑方程、阿弗拉米方程和阿伦尼乌斯方程对结晶进行了详细分析。有趣的是，通过X射线衍射发现PP随着辐照水平的增加，α - 晶体形成增加。讨论了辐照导致晶体结构中产生缺陷的情况。

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一项评估海洋环境条件对商用塑料颗粒引发的老化和降解现象的原位实验。
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