Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, 264005, Yantai Shangdong Prov., People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Oct 5;278:114225. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114225. Epub 2021 May 24.
Tribulus terrestris L., as an annual herb plant from Zygophyllaceae, exhibits many biological activities, and its main chemical constituents are saponins. However, the extraction process, chemical compositions, anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of total saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. leaves are still unclear.
The present study extensively evaluated the extraction process, major components, anti-inflammatory action and mechanism of Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins.
The ultrasonic extraction and response surface methods were adopted for optimization of extraction technology of total saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. leaves, and its compositions were detected with LC-MS method. The anti-inflammatory activity of total saponins was studied by lipopolysaccharide induced RAW 264.7 cells and acute lung injury mice models.
The ultrasonic extraction parameters of saponins fraction, including ethanol concentration 30%, extraction time 55 min, ratio of solvent to material 35:1 ml/g and extraction temperature 46 °C, were screened by response surface method with the extracting rate 5.49%, and thirty compositions were detected with LC-MS method. Moreover, saponins fraction can play a stronger anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the phagocytic activity and pulmonary edema, and protection of morphology of RAW 264.7 cells and lung tissues, and decreasing the content of NO and TNF-α. Moreover, it was revealed that total saponins extract can exert the anti-inflammatory action by the inhibition of the activation of the TLR4-TRAF6-NF-κB signalling pathway.
These studies imply that Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins may be an important anti-inflammatory drug in clinic.
蒺藜（Tribulus terrestris L.），一种来自蒺藜科的一年生草本植物，具有多种生物活性，其主要化学成分是皂苷。然而，其叶片总皂苷的提取工艺、化学成分、抗炎作用及机制尚不清楚。
本研究全面评价了蒺藜叶片总皂苷的提取工艺、主要成分、抗炎作用及机制。
采用超声提取和响应面法优化蒺藜叶片总皂苷的提取工艺，并采用 LC-MS 法检测其成分。采用脂多糖诱导 RAW 264.7 细胞和急性肺损伤小鼠模型研究总皂苷的抗炎活性。
通过响应面法筛选出皂苷提取的超声提取参数，包括乙醇浓度 30%、提取时间 55 分钟、溶剂与物料比 35:1ml/g 和提取温度 46°C，提取率为 5.49%，并用 LC-MS 法检测到 30 种成分。此外，皂苷可通过降低吞噬活性和肺水肿，保护 RAW 264.7 细胞和肺组织的形态，降低 NO 和 TNF-α的含量，发挥更强的抗炎作用。此外，研究表明总皂苷提取物通过抑制 TLR4-TRAF6-NF-κB 信号通路的激活发挥抗炎作用。
这些研究表明，蒺藜叶片总皂苷可能是临床上一种重要的抗炎药物。
