“我来护送某人”：加纳城市男性参与产前保健服务的经历——一项定性研究。
"I came to escort someone": Men's experiences of antenatal care services in urban Ghana-a qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
出版信息
Reprod Health. 2021 May 26;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01152-5.
BACKGROUND
Male involvement in maternal healthcare has been widely recognized as essential for positive health outcomes for expectant mothers and their unborn babies. However, few studies have explored men's experiences of maternal health services. The purpose of this paper is to explore men's involvement in antenatal care in urban Ghana and to discuss how men navigate their roles in a space that has been constructed as feminine. The study draws upon theories of space, place, and gender.
METHODS
A qualitative exploratory study using semistructured interviews, focus group discussion, and observation was conducted in Accra, Ghana. Expectant fathers and health workers were interviewed, and observation was conducted at a selected public hospital in Accra.
RESULTS
The findings suggest that the few men who attend antenatal care with their expecting partners become involved to a limited extent in the clinic's activities. Beyond a few who take an active role, most men stay on the outskirts of the hospital grounds and rarely participate in consultations with their partner and midwife. Men still view their presence as necessary to acquire knowledge and as sources of emotional, financial, and physical support for their partners. On the health workers' side, the study found no clear agenda for engaging men at the clinic, and nurses/midwives felt there was a lack of staff who could engage more directly with the men.
CONCLUSION
The study indicates that most expecting fathers feel too shy and uncomfortable to locate themselves in the female space that makes up antenatal care/maternity wards. Health workers do not feel they have the necessary resources to involve men fruitfully. Thus, men do not engage in the activity as hoped but rather remain on the outskirts of the maternity clinic. However, if men continue to negotiate their involvement at the clinic and become more assertive in their roles, the maternity clinic as a female space could, with time, be transformed into a space in which both expecting mothers and fathers can actively participate and be engaged to the benefit of all.
背景
男性参与孕产妇保健已被广泛认为对母婴的健康结果至关重要。然而，很少有研究探讨男性对孕产妇保健服务的体验。本文旨在探讨加纳城市男性参与产前护理的情况，并讨论男性如何在一个被构建为女性化的空间中发挥作用。该研究借鉴了空间、地点和性别理论。
方法
采用半结构式访谈、焦点小组讨论和观察的定性探索性研究在加纳阿克拉进行。对准父亲和卫生工作者进行了访谈，并在阿克拉的一家选定公立医院进行了观察。
结果
研究结果表明，少数与期待伴侣一起参加产前护理的男性仅在有限程度上参与诊所的活动。除了少数积极参与的男性外，大多数男性都留在医院场地的外围，很少参与与伴侣和助产士的咨询。男性仍然认为他们的存在是获得知识的必要条件，也是为伴侣提供情感、经济和身体支持的来源。在卫生工作者方面，研究发现，没有明确的计划让男性参与诊所，护士/助产士认为缺乏能够更直接与男性接触的工作人员。
结论
研究表明，大多数准父亲感到过于害羞和不自在，无法在构成产前护理/产房的女性空间中定位自己。卫生工作者认为他们没有必要的资源来有效地让男性参与。因此，男性并没有像预期的那样参与活动，而是仍然留在产科诊所的外围。然而，如果男性继续在诊所协商他们的参与，并在角色中更加自信，那么随着时间的推移，产科诊所作为一个女性化的空间，可以转变为一个母亲和父亲都可以积极参与并从中受益的空间。
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