McCaughan Hannah, Boyle Stephen, McGoran John J
Department of Gastroenterology, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry BT47 6SB, United Kingdom.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2021 May 15;13(5):400-408. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i5.400.
Radiation therapy is a long-established and essential modality in the treatment of many cancers. It is well known that tissue within a field of radiation can suffer indiscriminate effects, leading to acute and chronic problems. The gastrointestinal tract may be adversely affected by radiation. From the mouth to the rectum, patients can experience troublesome symptoms that require the concerted input of specialist teams. Interventions range from nursing care, dietetic optimization, pharmacological management, and mechanical procedures through endoscopy and surgery. Quality evidence exists mainly for radiation induced effects in four distinct areas of the gastrointestinal tract: oral mucosa, esophagus, small bowel, and rectum. This review explores the experiences of oncology and gastrointestinal teams in managing the most common conditions and some of the different practices for radiation associated morbidity.
放射治疗是治疗多种癌症的一种历史悠久且必不可少的治疗方式。众所周知，辐射野内的组织会受到无差别影响，从而导致急性和慢性问题。胃肠道可能会受到辐射的不利影响。从口腔到直肠，患者可能会出现令人困扰的症状，这需要专业团队的协同努力。干预措施包括护理、饮食优化、药物治疗以及通过内镜检查和手术进行的机械操作。高质量证据主要存在于胃肠道四个不同部位的辐射诱导效应中：口腔黏膜、食管、小肠和直肠。本综述探讨了肿瘤学和胃肠病学团队在管理最常见病症方面的经验以及一些针对辐射相关发病率的不同做法。
