Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 May 1;40(5S):S22-S25. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002775.
Up to 10% of hospitalized patients have an antibiotic allergy label in their medical file, most frequently concerning penicillins. However, the vast majority of reported allergies to antibiotics does not represent a "true" allergy but are due to drug intolerance, idiosyncratic reactions or symptoms of the concurrent infectious disease. Since antibiotic allergy labels result in deviation from first-choice antimicrobial therapy, tackling the issue of incorrect antibiotic allergy labelling, already at young age, is a core element of antibiotic stewardship. In this article, we describe the structured approach to the patient with a presumed antibiotic allergy with emphasis on key elements of allergy-specific history taking and the limited risk of cross-allergic reactions between beta-lactam subclasses.
多达 10%的住院患者的医疗档案中有抗生素过敏标签,其中大多数与青霉素有关。然而,绝大多数报告的抗生素过敏实际上并不是真正的过敏,而是由于药物不耐受、个体差异反应或并发传染病的症状所致。由于抗生素过敏标签会导致偏离首选抗菌治疗,因此,解决抗生素过敏标签不正确的问题,尤其是在年轻时,是抗生素管理的核心要素。本文描述了疑似抗生素过敏患者的结构化方法,重点介绍了过敏特异性病史采集的关键要素和β-内酰胺类抗生素亚类之间交叉过敏反应的有限风险。