205730Boston College School of Social Work, McGuinn Hall, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
EQUIDE Research Institute, 27829Iberoamericana University, Mexico City, Mexico.
Food Nutr Bull. 2021 Sep;42(3):414-426. doi: 10.1177/03795721211014778. Epub 2021 May 28.
Globally, the prevalence of child overweight has increased over the past few decades. The largest burden of child overweight is identified among upper-middle-income countries, such as Mexico. Breastfeeding has been identified as one of the key affordable and modifiable maternal health behaviors protecting against child overweight.
To examine the association between breastfeeding and child overweight while sequentially controlling for individual, household, and area factors in Mexican children.
Secondary data analysis using the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey which included risk factors for overweight on 2089 children aged 6 to 35 months and analyzed data to estimate fixed- and mixed-effects logistic regression models.
Overall, 9.0% of children were overweight and 71.1% of mothers reported any breastfeeding for ≥ 6 months. We found no evidence for a protective effect of any breastfeeding for ≥ 6 months on child overweight when compared to children who were never breastfed in the fully adjusted model and across all models (model 4, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] [95% CI] = 0.76 [0.31-1.86]). We identified risk factors for child overweight at the individual and area levels, with maternal obesity and offspring high birthweight being significant in the fully adjusted model and across all models (model 4, AOR [95% CI] = 2.26 [1.32-3.85] and 2.83 [1.44-5.56], correspondingly).
Our results suggest shared obesogenic environment influences from which the overweight-obese maternal-child dyads are emerging in Mexican households. More research is needed to better understand these obesogenic environments grounded on the particular contexts among upper-middle-income countries.
在过去几十年中，全球儿童超重的患病率有所增加。超重儿童的最大负担发生在上中等收入国家，如墨西哥。母乳喂养已被确定为预防儿童超重的一种关键的、负担得起的和可改变的产妇保健行为。
在墨西哥儿童中，依次控制个体、家庭和地区因素，研究母乳喂养与儿童超重之间的关系。
使用 2012 年墨西哥国家健康和营养调查的二次数据分析，该调查包括超重的危险因素，涉及 2089 名 6 至 35 个月大的儿童，并分析数据以估计固定和混合效应逻辑回归模型。
总体而言，9.0%的儿童超重，71.1%的母亲报告至少母乳喂养 6 个月。与从未母乳喂养的儿童相比，我们在完全调整模型和所有模型中均未发现至少母乳喂养 6 个月对儿童超重有保护作用（模型 4，调整后的优势比[95%置信区间] = 0.76 [0.31-1.86]）。我们在个体和地区层面上确定了儿童超重的危险因素，母亲肥胖和后代高出生体重在完全调整模型和所有模型中均具有统计学意义（模型 4，优势比[95%置信区间] = 2.26 [1.32-3.85]和 2.83 [1.44-5.56]）。
我们的研究结果表明，肥胖相关的环境因素对超重-肥胖母婴对子代的影响正在墨西哥家庭中显现。需要进一步研究以更好地了解这些肥胖相关的环境因素，特别是在上中等收入国家的特定背景下。
