Neurosciences Intensive Care Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Level 1 West Wing, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Level 6 West Wing, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Neurocritical Care Unit, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Crit Care Clin. 2021 Jul;37(3):517-541. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.03.013.
A trend in the increasing use of prescription psychoactive drugs (PADs), including antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers, has been reported in the United States and globally. In addition, there has been an increase in the production and usage of illicit PADs and emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) all over the world. PADs pose unique challenges for critical care providers who may encounter toxicology issues due to drug interactions, side effects, or drug overdoses. This article provides a summary of the toxicologic features of commonly used and abused PADs: antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, hallucinogens, NPSs, caffeine, nicotine, and cannabis.
在美国和全球范围内，报告称处方精神活性药物（包括抗抑郁药、抗精神病药和情绪稳定剂）的使用呈上升趋势。此外，非法精神活性药物的生产和使用在全球范围内有所增加，新的精神活性物质（NPS）也不断出现。精神活性药物给重症监护提供者带来了独特的挑战，他们可能会因药物相互作用、副作用或药物过量而遇到毒理学问题。本文总结了常用和滥用精神活性药物的毒理学特征：抗抑郁药、抗精神病药、情绪稳定剂、致幻剂、NPS、咖啡因、尼古丁和大麻。
