Jansen Chipp, Sklar Elizabeth
Department of Engineering, Centre for Robotics Research, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Lincoln Agri-Robotics, Lincoln Institute of Agri-Food Technology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom.
Front Robot AI. 2021 May 14;8:577770. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2021.577770. eCollection 2021.
This article presents the outcomes from a mixed-methods study of drawing practitioners (e.g., professional illustrators, fine artists, and art students) that was conducted in Autumn 2018 as a preliminary investigation for the development of a physical human-AI co-creative drawing system. The aim of the study was to discover possible roles that technology could play in observing, modeling, and possibly assisting an artist with their drawing. The study had three components: a paper survey of artists' drawing practises, technology usage and attitudes, video recorded drawing exercises and a follow-up semi-structured interview which included a co-design discussion on how AI might contribute to their drawing workflow. Key themes identified from the interviews were (1) drawing with physical mediums is a traditional and primary way of creation; (2) artists' views on AI varied, where co-creative AI is preferable to didactic AI; and (3) artists have a critical and skeptical view on the automation of creative work with AI. Participants' input provided the basis for the design and technical specifications of a co-creative drawing prototype, for which details are presented in this article. In addition, lessons learned from conducting the user study are presented with a reflection on future studies with drawing practitioners.
本文介绍了一项针对绘画从业者（如专业插画家、美术家和艺术学生）的混合方法研究的结果。该研究于2018年秋季进行，是开发人机共创绘画系统的初步调查。该研究的目的是发现技术在观察、建模以及可能协助艺术家绘画方面可能发挥的作用。该研究包括三个部分：对艺术家绘画实践、技术使用和态度的纸质调查，录像绘画练习，以及后续的半结构化访谈，其中包括关于人工智能如何有助于其绘画工作流程的协同设计讨论。从访谈中确定的关键主题包括：（1）使用实体媒介绘画是一种传统且主要的创作方式；（2）艺术家对人工智能的看法各不相同，其中共创式人工智能比说教式人工智能更受欢迎；（3）艺术家对利用人工智能实现创意工作自动化持批判性和怀疑态度。参与者的意见为共创绘画原型的设计和技术规格提供了基础，本文将详细介绍该原型。此外，本文还介绍了从用户研究中吸取的经验教训，并对未来与绘画从业者的研究进行了反思。
