Penn N E, Jacob T C, Brown M
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
Percept Mot Skills. 1988 Jun;66(3):839-45. doi: 10.2466/pms.1988.66.3.839.
A total of 278 black women (183) and men (95) were administered the Gorham's Proverbs Test and the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (revised). This study compared Abstract scores on the Gorham's Proverbs Test with Vocabulary and Abstract scores on the Shipley Institute of Living Scale. The two tests were remarkably similar in terms of score distributions and susceptibility to the effects of age, perceived socioeconomic level during childhood, education, and perceived quality of education. Analysis also showed that abstract reasoning, as measured by these tests, is not free from the effects of vocabulary skills. Mean scores on both tests were within the range of mean scores previously reported in the literature.
共有278名黑人女性（183名）和男性（95名）接受了戈尔曼谚语测试和希普利生活量表（修订版）。本研究将戈尔曼谚语测试的抽象分数与希普利生活量表的词汇和抽象分数进行了比较。这两项测试在分数分布以及对年龄、童年时期感知的社会经济水平、教育程度和感知教育质量影响的易感性方面非常相似。分析还表明，通过这些测试衡量的抽象推理并非不受词汇技能的影响。两项测试的平均分数都在文献中先前报道的平均分数范围内。
