Klasing K C
Department of Avian Sciences, University of California, Davis 95616.
Poult Sci. 1988 Apr;67(4):626-34. doi: 10.3382/ps.0670626.
Immunocompetence was determined in chicks subjected to 24 h feed deprivation or excess intake by measuring 1) hemagglutinin titers in response to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) injections given either before or after dietary treatments, 2) delayed hypersensitivity to human gamma globulin (HGG), or 3) in vitro, phytohaemagglutinin-induced mitogenesis of spleen lymphocytes taken immediately or 24 h after dietary treatment. In Experiment 1, chicks were intubated six times during a 24-h period with an isolated soy protein-dextrose diet at either 100% (control) or 150% of ad libitum consumption. Following the period of excess intake, half of the chicks were prevented from making a compensatory decrease in intake by force-feeding (Hi-equal) and half were permitted to decrease their intake (Hi-adlib). All chicks not force-fed were sham-intubated. Imposing force-feeding (Hi-equal) before or after challenge with SRBC resulted in significantly (P less than .05) decreased hemagglutinin titers. Force-feeding (Hi-equal) 24 h prior to HGG injection significantly decreased delayed hypersensitivity. Hi-adlib chicks did not respond differently than controls. In Experiment 2, chicks were either fed ad libitum (control), fasted for 24 or 48 h and then fed ad libitum (Low24-adlib and Low48-adlib), or deprived of feed for 24 or 48 h and then restricted to normal intake (Low24-equal and Low48-equal). Imposing Low24-equal feeding prior to SRBC injection resulted in significantly greater (P less than .05) hemagglutinin titers after 7 days than observed in control chicks. No other differences were seen. These studies demonstrate that an acute period of uncompensated overconsumption or feed deprivation decreases and increases, respectively, selected aspects of the immune response.
通过以下方式测定了经历24小时饲料剥夺或过量摄入的雏鸡的免疫能力：1）在饮食处理之前或之后注射绵羊红细胞（SRBC）后测量血凝素滴度；2）对人γ球蛋白（HGG）的迟发型超敏反应；3）在体外，测量饮食处理后立即或24小时采集的脾脏淋巴细胞经植物血凝素诱导的有丝分裂。在实验1中，雏鸡在24小时内用分离大豆蛋白 - 葡萄糖饮食插管6次，摄入量为自由采食量的100%（对照）或150%。在过量摄入期之后，一半雏鸡通过强制喂食阻止摄入量进行补偿性减少（高摄入量 - 相等组），另一半雏鸡允许减少摄入量（高摄入量 - 自由采食组）。所有未强制喂食的雏鸡都进行假插管。在SRBC攻击之前或之后进行强制喂食（高摄入量 - 相等组）导致血凝素滴度显著降低（P小于0.05）。在HGG注射前24小时进行强制喂食（高摄入量 - 相等组）显著降低了迟发型超敏反应。高摄入量 - 自由采食组雏鸡与对照组的反应没有差异。在实验2中，雏鸡要么自由采食（对照），禁食24或48小时然后自由采食（低摄入量24小时 - 自由采食组和低摄入量48小时 - 自由采食组），要么饲料剥夺24或48小时然后限制为正常摄入量（低摄入量24小时 - 相等组和低摄入量48小时 - 相等组）。在SRBC注射前进行低摄入量24小时 - 相等组喂食，7天后血凝素滴度显著高于对照雏鸡（P小于0.05）。未观察到其他差异。这些研究表明，一段未补偿的过度消费或饲料剥夺的急性期分别降低和增加了免疫反应的特定方面。
