J Addict Nurs. 2021;32(2):167-173. doi: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000405.
Ayahuasca is a pan-Amazonian botanical hallucinogenic decoction made from a mixture of the bark of the Banisteriopsis caapi plant, containing a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae) or Diplopterys cabrerana shrubs containing a serotonergic 2A receptor agonist, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, a powerful psychoactive substance. Ayahuasca is a traditional psychoactive sacrament that has been used for shamanic ceremonies for centuries. Ayahuasca is acclaimed for spiritual and psychotherapeutic benefits and is gaining popularity in the United States. Potential risks involved with usage of this hallucinogenic drug include psychotic episodes related to N,N-dimethyltryptamine and serotonin syndrome, which can be potentially life threatening. The consequences of ayahuasca use remain uncertain because of poor quality control, unpredictability, and polydrug interactions. Nurses, advanced practice nurses, and other healthcare providers working in outpatient settings, hospitals, and treatment centers need to be familiar with the pharmacology, possible drug interactions, and management for ayahuasca ingestion for optimal decision making. Nurses are well positioned to facilitate understanding and to advise and educate the public about the potential risks associated with ayahuasca ingestion.
雅沙瓦是一种源自泛亚马逊地区的植物性致幻剂，由班纳蒂丝皮拉（Banisteriopsis caapi）树皮制成，含有单胺氧化酶抑制剂，以及 Psychotria viridis（茜草科）或 Diplopterys cabrerana 灌木，含有血清素能 2A 受体激动剂，N,N-二甲基色胺，一种强效的精神活性物质。雅沙瓦是一种传统的精神活性圣礼，几个世纪以来一直用于萨满教仪式。雅沙瓦因其精神和心理治疗的益处而受到赞誉，在美国越来越受欢迎。使用这种致幻药物涉及的潜在风险包括与 N,N-二甲基色胺和血清素综合征相关的精神病发作，这些发作可能危及生命。由于质量控制不佳、不可预测性和多药物相互作用，雅沙瓦使用的后果仍然不确定。在门诊、医院和治疗中心工作的护士、高级执业护士和其他医疗保健提供者需要熟悉雅沙瓦摄入的药理学、可能的药物相互作用和管理，以便做出最佳决策。护士在促进对雅沙瓦摄入相关潜在风险的理解、提供咨询和教育公众方面具有独特的地位。
