Nieuwenhuijsen K, Bonke-Jansen M, Broekhuijzen E, De Neef K J, Van Hooff J A, Van der Werff ten Bosch J J, Slob A K
Department of Endocrinology, Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Physiol Behav. 1988;42(3):255-64. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90079-0.
Behavioral changes before and around the time of puberty were studied in a longitudinal manner in male and female stumptail monkeys. Around the time of testicular descent (mean age: 3.3 years) males started to become more aggressive towards adult males. Within two years following testicular descent males rose in rank with the support of others and reached stable (sub)top positions in the dominance hierarchy. In the female rank-stabilization took place gradually between one year before and two years after first ovulation (mean age: 3.7 years). Copulatory activity began about two (in females) to two-and-a-half years (in males) before reproductive capacity was attained. Female copulatory activity began to rise about six months before first ovulation, when they started to copulate with adult males. In males copulatory frequency rose sharply between six and twelve months prior to testicular descent. Until a few months after testicular descent males could copulate openly in the group without interruption; from about 1 year following testicular descent virtually all copulations had to take place surreptitiously to avoid interruption by higher ranking adult males. It is postulated that this decreasing tolerance of adults may contribute to the process of peripheralization and migration of young adult males which occur in free ranging macaque groups.
我们以纵向方式研究了雄性和雌性短尾猴在青春期前后的行为变化。在睾丸下降期（平均年龄：3.3岁）左右，雄性开始对成年雄性表现出更强的攻击性。在睾丸下降后的两年内，雄性在其他个体的支持下地位上升，并在优势等级中达到稳定的（次）高位。在雌性中，等级稳定在首次排卵前一年到排卵后两年之间逐渐发生（平均年龄：3.7岁）。在具备生殖能力前约两年（雌性）到两年半（雄性），交配活动开始。雌性的交配活动在首次排卵前约六个月开始增加，此时它们开始与成年雄性交配。在雄性中，交配频率在睾丸下降前六到十二个月急剧上升。在睾丸下降后的几个月内，雄性可以在群体中公开交配而不受干扰；从睾丸下降后约一年开始，几乎所有交配都必须秘密进行，以避免被地位更高的成年雄性打断。据推测，成年个体这种逐渐降低的容忍度可能有助于自由放养猕猴群体中年轻成年雄性的边缘化和迁移过程。
