Oyekanmi A A, Kumar U Seeta Uthaya, H P S Abdul Khalil, Olaiya N G, Amirul A A, Rahman A A, Nuryawan Arif, Abdullah C K, Rizal Samsul
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704 Akure, Nigeria.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 May 20;13(10):1664. doi: 10.3390/polym13101664.
Antimicrobial irradiated seaweed-neem biocomposite films were synthesized in this study. The storage functional properties of the films were investigated. Characterization of the prepared films was conducted using SEM, FT-IR, contact angle, and antimicrobial test. The macroscopic and microscopic including the analysis of the functional group and the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry test revealed the main active constituents present in the neem extract, which was used an essential component of the fabricated films. Neem leaves' extracts with 5% / concentration were incorporated into the matrix of seaweed biopolymer and the seaweed-neem bio-composite film were irradiated with different dosages of gamma radiation (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 kGy). The tensile, thermal, and the antimicrobial properties of the films were studied. The results revealed that the irradiated films exhibited improved functional properties compared to the control film at 1.5 kGy radiation dosage. The tensile strength, tensile modulus, and toughness exhibited by the films increased, while the elongation of the irradiated bio-composite film decreased compared to the control film. The morphology of the irradiated films demonstrated a smoother surface compared to the control and provided surface intermolecular interaction of the neem-seaweed matrix. The film indicated an optimum storage stability under ambient conditions and demonstrated no significant changes in the visual appearance. However, an increase in the moisture content was exhibited by the film, and the hydrophobic properties was retained until nine months of the storage period. The study of the films antimicrobial activities against (SA), and (BS) indicated improved resistance to bacterial activities after the incorporation of neem leaves extract and gamma irradiation. The fabricated irradiated seaweed-neem bio-composite film could be used as an excellent sustainable packaging material due to its effective storage stability.
本研究合成了抗菌辐照海藻-印楝生物复合膜。研究了该膜的储存功能特性。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、接触角和抗菌测试对制备的膜进行了表征。宏观和微观分析，包括官能团分析和气相色谱-质谱测试，揭示了印楝提取物中的主要活性成分，该提取物被用作制备膜的重要成分。将浓度为5%的印楝叶提取物掺入海藻生物聚合物基质中，并对海藻-印楝生物复合膜进行不同剂量（0.5、1、1.5和2千戈瑞）的γ辐射。研究了膜的拉伸、热学和抗菌性能。结果表明，在1.5千戈瑞辐射剂量下，辐照后的膜与对照膜相比，功能特性有所改善。与对照膜相比，膜的拉伸强度、拉伸模量和韧性增加，而辐照生物复合膜的伸长率降低。辐照膜的形态与对照膜相比表面更光滑，并提供了印楝-海藻基质的表面分子间相互作用。该膜在环境条件下显示出最佳的储存稳定性，外观无明显变化。然而，膜的水分含量有所增加，并且在储存期九个月内保持了疏水性。对该膜对金黄色葡萄球菌（SA）和枯草芽孢杆菌（BS）的抗菌活性研究表明，加入印楝叶提取物并进行γ辐照后，其对细菌活性的抗性有所提高。由于其有效的储存稳定性，制备的辐照海藻-印楝生物复合膜可作为一种优良的可持续包装材料。
