Department Rural Engineering, EPS, Edificio Leonardo da Vinci, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
High Professional Dance Conservatory "Luis del Rio", 14003 Córdoba, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 17;18(10):5319. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105319.
Dance teachers have to be in long hours dancing. That entails repetitive movements, loud live music, and as well as forcing their voices. These demands can implicate severe health problems and other kind of illness as discomfort, stress, etc. However, the Spanish Ministry of Health only recognize as professional disease for this line of work, the vocal nodules. For this reason, this research studies the health problems in dance teachers in Andalusia, correlating the results of a survey carried out in different conservatories from Andalusia with measurement of noise emissions levels, assessment of noise exposure, and assessment of thermal environment in the classes measuring the thermal environment variables. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study where the influence of several sounds, such as tapping, castanets, and live music, on the health of dance teachers, musicians, and singers during flamenco classes has been researched. Results showed a correlation between some diseases, such as stress and the high level of sound in the classes. The sound levels were well above those established by European regulations reaching values higher than 85 dB(A) as equivalent continuous sound levels during the class time. This European regulation is stablished for an 8 h/day period, five days per week. The thermal environments are no adequate for this activity, mainly for high temperatures in Cordoba during summer. To improve the current working conditions, some recommendations were given to reduce the number of class hours and establish rest shifts, provide more information on health risks, or renovate the floor of some classrooms.
舞蹈教师必须长时间跳舞。这需要重复的动作、响亮的现场音乐,以及强迫他们发声。这些要求可能会导致严重的健康问题和其他疾病,如不适、压力等。然而,西班牙卫生部仅将声乐结节视为该行业的职业疾病。出于这个原因,这项研究调查了安达卢西亚地区舞蹈教师的健康问题,将安达卢西亚不同音乐学院的调查结果与噪声排放水平测量、噪声暴露评估以及课堂热环境评估相关联,测量课堂热环境变量。据作者所知,这是第一项研究,研究了在弗拉门戈课上,几种声音(如敲击、响板和现场音乐)对舞蹈教师、音乐家和歌手健康的影响。研究结果表明,一些疾病(如压力和课堂上的高音量)之间存在相关性。声级远高于欧洲法规规定的水平,等效连续声级在课时内达到 85 dB(A)以上。该欧洲法规规定每天工作 8 小时,每周工作 5 天。热环境不适合这种活动,特别是在科尔多瓦夏季温度较高。为了改善当前的工作条件,提出了一些建议,包括减少课时和设立休息班次、提供更多有关健康风险的信息,或翻新一些教室的地板。