Zamora-Sánchez Juan-José, Zabaleta-Del-Olmo Edurne, Fernández-Bertolín Sergio, Gea-Caballero Vicente, Julián-Rochina Iván, Pérez-Tortajada Gemma, Amblàs-Novellas Jordi
Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Gerència Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
School of Nursing, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2021 May 13;10(10):2106. doi: 10.3390/jcm10102106.
The multidimensional assessment of frailty allows stratifying it into degrees; however, there is still heterogeneity in the characteristics of people in each stratum. The aim of this study was to identify frailty profiles of older people users of a home-based primary care service.
We carried out an observational study from January 2018 to January 2021. Participants were all people cared for a home-based primary care service. We performed a cluster analysis by applying a k-means clustering technique. Cluster labeling was determined with the 22 variables of the Frail-VIG index, age, and sex. We computed multiple indexes to assess the optimal number of clusters, and this was selected based on a clinical assessment of the best options.
Four hundred and twelve participants were clustered into six profiles. Three of these profiles corresponded to a moderate frailty degree, two to a severe frailty degree and one to a mild frailty degree. In addition, almost 75% of the participants were clustered into three profiles which corresponded to mild and moderate degree of frailty.
Different profiles were found within the same degree of frailty. Knowledge of these profiles can be useful in developing strategies tailored to these differentiated care needs.
对衰弱进行多维评估可将其分为不同程度；然而，每个阶层人群的特征仍存在异质性。本研究的目的是确定居家初级保健服务老年使用者的衰弱特征。
我们在2018年1月至2021年1月期间开展了一项观察性研究。参与者均为接受居家初级保健服务的人群。我们应用k均值聚类技术进行聚类分析。通过衰弱 - VIG指数的22个变量、年龄和性别确定聚类标签。我们计算了多个指标以评估最佳聚类数量，并根据对最佳选项的临床评估来选择。
412名参与者被聚类为六种特征。其中三种特征对应中度衰弱程度，两种对应重度衰弱程度，一种对应轻度衰弱程度。此外，近75%的参与者被聚类为三种对应轻度和中度衰弱程度的特征。
在相同衰弱程度内发现了不同的特征。了解这些特征有助于制定针对这些差异化护理需求的策略。
