Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Team "Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine", 75013 Paris, France.
Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China.
Biomolecules. 2021 May 18;11(5):751. doi: 10.3390/biom11050751.
The impact of maternal nutrition on offspring is well documented. However, the implication of pre-conceptional paternal nutrition on the metabolic health of the progeny remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the impact of paternal high-protein diet (HPD, 43.2% protein) consumption on the endocrine pancreas and the metabolic phenotype of offspring. Male Wistar rats were given HPD or standard diet (SD, 18.9% protein) for two months. The progenies (F1) were studied at fetal stage and in adulthood. Body weight, glycemia, glucose tolerance (GT), glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo (GIIS) and whole-body insulin sensitivity were assessed in male and female F1 offspring. Insulin sensitivity, GT and GIIS were similar between F1 females from HPD (HPD/F1) and SD fathers (SD/F1). Conversely, male HPD/F1 exhibited increased insulin sensitivity ( < 0.05) and decreased GIIS ( < 0.05) compared to male SD/F1. The improvement of insulin sensitivity in HPD/F1 was sustained even after 2 months of high-fat feeding. In male HPD/F1, the β cell mass was preserved and the β cell plasticity, following metabolic challenge, was enhanced compared to SD/F1. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence of a sex-specific impact of paternal HPD on the insulin sensitivity and GIIS of their descendants, demonstrating that changes in paternal nutrition alter the metabolic status of their progeny in adulthood.
母体营养对子代的影响已有充分的记载。然而，孕前父亲的营养状况对后代代谢健康的影响仍未得到充分探索。在这里，我们研究了父本高蛋白饮食（HPD，43.2%蛋白质）对内分泌胰腺和后代代谢表型的影响。雄性 Wistar 大鼠接受 HPD 或标准饮食（SD，18.9%蛋白质）两个月。研究了 F1 后代在胎儿期和成年期的情况。在雄性和雌性 F1 后代中评估了体重、血糖、葡萄糖耐量（GT）、体内葡萄糖诱导的胰岛素分泌（GIIS）和全身胰岛素敏感性。F1 雌性后代（HPD/F1）和 SD 父本（SD/F1）之间的胰岛素敏感性、GT 和 GIIS 相似。相反，与 SD/F1 相比，雄性 HPD/F1 表现出更高的胰岛素敏感性（<0.05）和更低的 GIIS（<0.05）。即使在高脂肪喂养 2 个月后，HPD/F1 中胰岛素敏感性的改善仍持续存在。在雄性 HPD/F1 中，β细胞质量得到了保留，并且与 SD/F1 相比，β细胞在代谢应激后的可塑性增强。总之，我们首次提供了父本 HPD 对其后代胰岛素敏感性和 GIIS 具有性别特异性影响的证据，表明父本营养的变化改变了其后代成年后的代谢状态。
