Xia Chichao, Li Sile, Long Teng, Chen Zigui, Chan Paul K S, Boon Siaw Shi
Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 May 30;13(11):2691. doi: 10.3390/cancers13112691.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remains one of the most prominent cancer-causing DNA viruses, contributing to approximately 5% of human cancers. While association between HPV and cervical cancers has been well-established, evidence on the attribution of head and neck cancers (HNC) to HPV have been increasing in recent years. Among the cancer-causing HPV genotypes, HPV16 and 18 remain the major contributors to cancers across the globe. Nonetheless, the distribution of HPV genotypes in ethnically, geographically, and socio-economically diverse East, Southeast, and South Asia may differ from other parts of the world. In this review, we garner and provide updated insight into various aspects of HPV reported in recent years (2015-2021) in these regions. We included: (i) the HPV genotypes detected in normal cancers of the uterine cervix and head and neck, as well as the distribution of the HPV genotypes by geography and age groups; (ii) the laboratory diagnostic methods and treatment regimens used within these regions; and (iii) the oncogenic properties of HPV prototypes and their variants contributing to carcinogenesis. More importantly, we also unveil the similarities and discrepancies between these aspects, the areas lacking study, and the challenges faced in HPV studies.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染仍然是最主要的致癌DNA病毒之一，约占人类癌症的5%。虽然HPV与宫颈癌之间的关联已得到充分证实，但近年来，头颈部癌（HNC）归因于HPV的证据也在增加。在致癌的HPV基因型中，HPV16和18仍然是全球癌症的主要致病因素。尽管如此，HPV基因型在种族、地理和社会经济多样的东亚、东南亚和南亚地区的分布可能与世界其他地区不同。在本综述中，我们收集并提供了近年来（2015 - 2021年）这些地区报告的HPV各方面的最新见解。我们纳入了：（i）在子宫颈和头颈部正常癌症中检测到的HPV基因型，以及按地理和年龄组划分的HPV基因型分布；（ii）这些地区使用的实验室诊断方法和治疗方案；（iii）HPV原型及其变体导致致癌的致癌特性。更重要的是，我们还揭示了这些方面之间的异同、缺乏研究的领域以及HPV研究面临的挑战。
