Li Weiyi, Zhang Bing, Wang Huijun, Wang Zhihong, Wang Liusen, Wang Shaoshunzi, Hao Lixin, Jiang Hongru
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2021 May;50(3):448-453. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.03.017.
To analyze the status and long-term trends in dietary vitamin intakes from 1989 to 2015 in adults aged 18 to 35 in 15 provinces(autonomous regions, municipalities) of China.
Based on the data of "China Health and Nutrition Surveys" from 1989 to 2015 and "cohort study on the changes of nutritional status of Chinese residents" in 2015, covering 15 provinces(autonomous regions, municipalities) in China. Adults aged 18 to 35 were selected as study subjects. Nonparametric statistical method was used to analyze the trend of dietary vitamin intake with years. Comparing the dietary vitamin intake with the dietary reference intakes, the trend of the proportion of people at risk of insufficient dietary vitamin intake was analyzed by Cochran Armitage trend test. According to the different demographic characteristics in 2015, the vitamin intake status and the proportion of people with insufficient dietary vitamin intake were analyzed.
From 1989 to 2015, the overall dietary vitamin intake of adults aged 18-35 in 15 provinces(autonomous regions, municipalities) of China showed a downward trend. The median vitamin intake of adults in 2015 were vitamin A 361. 28 μg RAE/d(based on vitamin A activity equivalent), vitamin B_1 0. 75 mg/d, vitamin B_2 0. 67 mg/d, nicotinic acid 13. 61 mg/d, vitamin C 56. 41 mg/d and vitamin E 21. 04 mg α-TE/d. In 2015, there were significant differences in dietary vitamin A, vitamin B_2, niacin and vitamin C intakes between the North and the South and the distribution of education level, in which the intakes of vitamin A, vitamin B_2, niacin and vitamin C in the South were significantly higher than those in the North; the intakes of dietary vitamin B_1 in the low education level group were significantly lower than those in the middle and high education level; the intakes of dietary vitamin B_1 in urban areas were significantly higher than those in the North. The intakes of vitamin A, vitamin B_2, niacin and vitamin E were significantly higher than those in rural areas. From 1989 to 2015, the proportion of people with insufficient intake of vitamin B_2 remained above 80%, and the proportion of adults with the risk of insufficient intake of dietary vitamin A, vitamin B_1 and vitamin C showed an increasing trend year by year. In 2015, the proportion of people at risk of insufficient intake of dietary vitamin A, vitamin B_2 and vitamin C in northern China was significantly higher than that in southern China.
From 1989 to 2015, there was a risk of insufficient intake of micronutrients in adults aged 18-35 in 15 provinces(autonomous regions, municipalities) in China, and the problem of insufficient calcium intake was serious.
分析1989年至2015年中国15个省（自治区、直辖市）18至35岁成年人膳食维生素摄入量的现状及长期变化趋势。
基于1989年至2015年“中国健康与营养调查”以及2015年“中国居民营养状况变迁队列研究”的数据，覆盖中国15个省（自治区、直辖市）。选取18至35岁成年人作为研究对象。采用非参数统计方法分析膳食维生素摄入量随年份的变化趋势。将膳食维生素摄入量与膳食参考摄入量进行比较，通过 Cochr an Armitage趋势检验分析膳食维生素摄入不足风险人群比例的变化趋势。根据2015年不同人口学特征，分析维生素摄入状况及膳食维生素摄入不足人群的比例。
1989年至2015年，中国15个省（自治区、直辖市）18 - 35岁成年人的总体膳食维生素摄入量呈下降趋势。2015年成年人维生素摄入量中位数分别为：维生素A 361.28μg RAE/d（以视黄醇活性当量计）、维生素B₁ 0.75mg/d、维生素B₂ 0.67mg/d、烟酸13.61mg/d、维生素C 56.41mg/d、维生素E 21.04mg α-TE/d。2015年，南北地区以及不同教育水平人群在膳食维生素A、维生素B₂、烟酸和维生素C摄入量上存在显著差异，其中南方地区维生素A、维生素B₂、烟酸和维生素C的摄入量显著高于北方地区；低教育水平组膳食维生素B₁摄入量显著低于中、高教育水平组；城市地区膳食维生素B₁摄入量显著高于农村地区。维生素A、维生素B₂、烟酸和维生素E的摄入量显著高于农村地区。1989年至2015年，维生素B₂摄入不足人群比例一直保持在80%以上，膳食维生素A、维生素B₁和维生素C摄入不足风险的成年人比例呈逐年上升趋势。2015年，中国北方地区膳食维生素A、维生素B₂和维生素C摄入不足风险人群比例显著高于南方地区。
1989年至2015年，中国15个省（自治区、直辖市）18至35岁成年人存在微量营养素摄入不足风险，钙摄入不足问题严重。
