Oliveira Milena E C, Almeida Natalia L, Fernandes Thiago P, Santos Natanael A
Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
J Addict Dis. 2022 Jan-Mar;40(1):71-77. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2021.1927445. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
Although some studies have shown impairments in patients with bipolar disorder (BPD) and in smokers, it is unclear how these two factors work together. Our premise was that chronic smoking affects color discrimination and this is more pronounced in BPD. Our main purpose was to investigate the influence of smoking and BPD on color discrimination. Twenty-three smokers and 23 BPD smokers patients, aged 25-45 years old, participated in this study. Color vision testing was performed using the Trivector subtest of the Cambridge Colour Test. Participants' task was to indicate the pseudoisochromatic stimulus in four directions (up, down, right, and left). It was shown that the smokers had better color vision than BPD smokers for the Protan ( < .001), Deutan ( < .001), and Tritan ( < .001) (red, green, and blue, respectively) axes. Thus, the BPD smokers' group had greater difficulty distinguishing the chromaticity variations (i.e., presented diffuse color vision impairments and not specific to any axis). The present study highlights a possible relationship between smoking and BPD in color discrimination. This highlights the importance of understanding the diffuse effects of this relationship.
尽管一些研究表明双相情感障碍（BPD）患者和吸烟者存在认知障碍，但尚不清楚这两个因素如何共同作用。我们的假设是，长期吸烟会影响颜色辨别能力，而这在双相情感障碍患者中更为明显。我们的主要目的是研究吸烟和双相情感障碍对颜色辨别的影响。23名吸烟者和23名双相情感障碍吸烟者，年龄在25至45岁之间，参与了这项研究。使用剑桥色觉测试的三向量子测试进行色觉测试。参与者的任务是指出四个方向（上、下、右、左）上的伪等色刺激。结果显示，在红色（<0.001）、绿色（<0.001）和蓝色（<0.001）轴上，吸烟者的色觉比双相情感障碍吸烟者更好。因此，双相情感障碍吸烟者组在区分色度变化方面有更大困难（即表现出弥漫性色觉障碍，而非特定于任何一个轴）。本研究突出了吸烟与双相情感障碍在颜色辨别方面可能存在的关系。这凸显了理解这种关系的弥漫性影响的重要性。
