Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States.
Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States.
Bioconjug Chem. 2021 Nov 17;32(11):2295-2306. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00179. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
Opioid use disorders and fatal overdose due to consumption of fentanyl-laced heroin remain a major public health menace in the United States. Vaccination may serve as a promising potential remedy to combat accidental overdose and to mitigate the abuse potential of opioids. We previously reported the heroin and fentanyl monovalent vaccines carrying, respectively, a heroin hapten, 6-AmHap, and a fentanyl hapten, AmFenHap, conjugated to tetanus toxoid (TT). Herein, we describe the mixing of these antigens to formulate a bivalent vaccine adjuvanted with liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide. Immunization of mice with the bivalent vaccine resulted in IgG titers of >10 against both haptens. The polyclonal sera bound heroin, 6-acetylmorphine, morphine, and fentanyl with dissociation constants () of 0.25 to 0.50 nM. Mice were protected from the anti-nociceptive effects of heroin, fentanyl, and heroin +9% (w/w) fentanyl. No cross-reactivity to methadone and buprenorphine was observed . Naloxone remained efficacious in immunized mice. These results highlighted the potential of combining TT-6-AmHap and TT-AmFenHap to yield an efficacious bivalent vaccine that could ablate heroin and fentanyl effects. This vaccine warrants further testing to establish its potential translatability to humans.
阿片类药物使用障碍和因使用掺有芬太尼的海洛因导致的致命过量仍然是美国主要的公共卫生威胁。疫苗接种可能是一种有前途的潜在疗法,可以对抗意外过量,并减轻阿片类药物的滥用潜力。我们之前报道了分别携带海洛因半抗原 6-AmHap 和芬太尼半抗原 AmFenHap 的单价海洛因和芬太尼疫苗,与破伤风类毒素(TT)缀合。在此,我们描述了将这些抗原混合在一起,制成一种双价疫苗,并用含有单磷酰脂质 A(MPLA)的脂质体作为佐剂吸附在氢氧化铝上。用双价疫苗免疫小鼠可产生针对两种半抗原的 IgG 滴度>10。多克隆血清与海洛因、6-乙酰吗啡、吗啡和芬太尼结合,解离常数()为 0.25 至 0.50 nM。小鼠对海洛因、芬太尼和海洛因+9%(w/w)芬太尼的抗伤害作用具有保护作用。未观察到对美沙酮和丁丙诺啡的交叉反应性。纳洛酮在免疫小鼠中仍然有效。这些结果突出了将 TT-6-AmHap 和 TT-AmFenHap 结合起来产生一种有效双价疫苗的潜力,该疫苗可以消除海洛因和芬太尼的作用。该疫苗需要进一步测试,以确定其在人类中的潜在转化能力。
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