1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2021 Jun 2;68(2):121-127. doi: 10.1556/030.2021.01365. Print 2021 Jun 21.
Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen causing hospital infections. The increasing rate of healthcare-associated infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in developing countries has led to many public health problems. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology as well as the antibiotic resistance pattern of clinical isolates of MRSA from Southern Iran. A total of 135 S. aureus isolates were collected from the patients referred to three hospitals in South Iran. The phenotypic and genotypic diagnosis of MRSA isolates was performed by disk diffusion and PCR methods, respectively. The antibiotic resistance pattern for MRSA isolates was performed using Kirby-Bauer method. The molecular epidemiology of isolates was performed by MLST, Spa typing and SCCmec typing. From 135 S. aureus isolates, 50 (37%) MRSA strains were detected from which two different sequence types including ST239 and ST605 were identified. SCCmec type III was the most common profile (50%) and t030 was the predominant spa type (48%) among the strains. The MRSA isolates had the highest resistance to penicillin (100%), tetracycline (88%), levofloxacin (86%), ciprofloxacin (84%), erythromycin (82%), gentamicin (80%), and clindamycin (78%). The results of this study show that the most common genetic type among the MRSA isolates was ST239-SCCmec III/t030. The rapid and timely detection of MRSA and the administration of appropriate antibiotics according to the published antibiotic resistance patterns are essential. Furthermore, the continuous and nationwide MRSA surveillance studies are necessary to investigate clonal distribution and spreading of MRSA from community to hospitals.
金黄色葡萄球菌是引起医院感染的常见病原体。在发展中国家，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）引起的医疗相关感染率不断上升，导致了许多公共卫生问题。本研究旨在调查来自伊朗南部的临床耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分离株的分子流行病学和抗生素耐药模式。从伊朗南部的三家医院的患者中采集了 135 株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株。通过纸片扩散和 PCR 方法分别对 MRSA 分离株进行表型和基因型诊断。使用 Kirby-Bauer 法对 MRSA 分离株的抗生素耐药模式进行检测。通过 MLST、Spa 分型和 SCCmec 分型对分离株的分子流行病学进行检测。从 135 株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中，检测到 50 株（37%）MRSA 菌株，其中鉴定出两种不同的序列类型，包括 ST239 和 ST605。SCCmec 型 III 是最常见的图谱（50%），菌株中 t030 是主要的 spa 型（48%）。MRSA 分离株对青霉素（100%）、四环素（88%）、左氧氟沙星（86%）、环丙沙星（84%）、红霉素（82%）、庆大霉素（80%）和克林霉素（78%）的耐药性最高。本研究结果表明，MRSA 分离株中最常见的遗传型是 ST239-SCCmec III/t030。快速及时地检测 MRSA 并根据公布的抗生素耐药模式使用适当的抗生素是至关重要的。此外，还需要进行持续的全国性 MRSA 监测研究，以调查社区到医院 MRSA 的克隆分布和传播情况。
