School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
School of Public Administration, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, University Town, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 2;16(6):e0252482. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252482. eCollection 2021.
Since China's reform and opening-up in 1978, the income of rural residents has increased when compared with that of urban residents. However, the income growth rate of farmers is relatively low, and the income gap between urban and rural areas is widening. Using a sample of 1,325 large-scale farming households in Lin'an, this study constructs a theoretical path for how the level of vertical integration and an organization model affect farmers' income levels and empirically tests the path using a mediation effect analysis model. The results indicate that organization models and vertical integration are important factors that affect farmers' income levels. The total income and agricultural operation income of farmers who participate in agricultural operation organizations are greater than that of farmers who do not participate in an operation organization. In addition, the total income and agricultural operation income of farmers who produce and process and those who produce, process, and sell are higher than those of farmers who only produce. A farmers' organization model has both a direct and an indirect positive influence on their income level, with the indirect positive influence coming through the mediating variable of vertical integration. The application of the organizational model can promote the growth of rural households' total family income and agricultural income by 13.48% and 14.48% respectively, consisting of direct increases of 9.67% and 10.19%, and indirect increases of 3.81% and 4.29% through vertical integration. The results also show that access to credit, agricultural technology training, and the farmer's education level have significant positive impacts on farming income levels. The findings suggest ways to increase farmers' income by perfecting agricultural management organization systems, promoting agricultural industrialization, strengthening rural financial support, improving agricultural technical training for farmers, and increasing their level of education.
自 1978 年中国改革开放以来，农村居民的收入与城镇居民相比有所增加。然而，农民的收入增长率相对较低，城乡收入差距不断扩大。本研究以临安市 1325 户规模农户为样本，构建了垂直一体化水平和组织模式如何影响农民收入水平的理论路径，并利用中介效应分析模型对路径进行了实证检验。结果表明，组织模式和垂直一体化是影响农民收入水平的重要因素。参加农业经营组织的农民的总收入和农业经营收入大于不参加经营组织的农民。此外，生产加工和生产、加工、销售的农民的总收入和农业经营收入高于只生产的农民。农民组织模式对其收入水平具有直接和间接的正向影响，间接的正向影响通过垂直一体化的中介变量来体现。组织模式的应用可以分别使农村家庭总收入和农业收入增长 13.48%和 14.48%，其中直接增长 9.67%和 10.19%，间接增长 3.81%和 4.29%通过垂直整合。结果还表明，获得信贷、农业技术培训和农民教育水平对农业收入水平有显著的正向影响。研究结果提出了通过完善农业管理组织体系、促进农业产业化、加强农村金融支持、提高农民农业技术培训水平和增加农民受教育程度来增加农民收入的途径。
