Hanefeld M, Fischer S, Julius U, Leonhardt W, Schubert E, Beckert H
Medical Academy Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, G.D.R.
Ann Clin Res. 1988;20(1-2):77-83.
Epidemiological studies have left no doubt that moderate to vigorous physical training (PT) of endurance type decreases atherogenic lipoprotein fractions and increases vasoprotective lipoproteins. Depending on the underlying metabolic abnormality in various dyslipoproteinaemias a different response to endurance training was observed. PT is particularly effective in most forms of primary hypertriglyceridaemias. PT acts on both excessive VLDL production and fractional catabolic rate of TG--rich lipoproteins. However, improved removal seems to be of dominating importance. In primary hypercholesterolaemia LDL--cholesterol levels did not change during a 4 weeks exercise regimen with standardized isocaloric lipid lowering diet. In observational studies with hyperlipidaemic patients with stable body weight and under lipid lowering diet, during the first 4-6 weeks no significant effect on HDL was seen, whereas longterm studies clearly demonstrate an increase in HDL--cholesterol. Further beneficial effects of PT in hyperlipidaemic patients are improved glucose tolerance, down--regulation of hyperinsulinaemia, lowering of blood pressure and correction of hypercoagulability of the blood.
流行病学研究已明确表明，适度至剧烈的耐力型体育锻炼（PT）可降低致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白组分，并增加血管保护性脂蛋白。根据各种血脂异常中潜在的代谢异常情况，观察到对耐力训练有不同的反应。PT在大多数原发性高甘油三酯血症形式中特别有效。PT对过量极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）的产生以及富含甘油三酯（TG）脂蛋白的分解代谢率均有作用。然而，改善清除似乎起着主导作用。在原发性高胆固醇血症中，在采用标准化等热量降脂饮食的4周运动方案期间，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - cholesterol）水平没有变化。在对体重稳定且采用降脂饮食的高脂血症患者进行的观察性研究中，在最初的4至6周内未观察到对高密度脂蛋白（HDL）有显著影响，而长期研究清楚地表明HDL - 胆固醇有所增加。PT对高脂血症患者的其他有益作用包括改善葡萄糖耐量、下调高胰岛素血症、降低血压以及纠正血液高凝状态。
