[Prognostic factors in genitourinary cancer].

Prognostic factors in genitourinary cancers, renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, prostatic cancer, and testicular tumor, were discussed from several aspects on the basis of the analysis of own cases and reviews of literatures. The anatomical distribution of disease, particularly beyond the kidney, and degree of tumor differentiation were mostly related to prognosis in renal cell carcinoma. In bladder cancer, macroscopic growth pattern, histopathological intramural mode of spread, lymphatic and venous invasion, played an important role in prognosis, as do tumor grade and stage including metastasis. Hormone dependency and tumor markers were reconfirmed to be important and complementary as prognostic indicators as well as stage and grade in prostatic cancer. In testicular tumors, the most important factors for survival were extent of disease and tumor size, and histological cell type and determination of tumor markers, AFP and HCG, were also important and complementary as prognostic indicators.