School of Design, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, 4000, Queensland, Australia.
Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, 4000, Queensland, Australia.
J Aging Stud. 2021 Jun;57:100935. doi: 10.1016/j.jaging.2021.100935. Epub 2021 May 8.
Home environments are especially important for older adults whose lives are more home-based than earlier life stages. Despite a focus on ageing in place, there often remains a mismatch between housing options prioritised by government and industry, and the needs and preferences of older adults. This paper considers the breadth of home environments experienced by diverse older Australians and highlights the varied ways they use and think about their homes. Data from three national online focus groups (n1 = 33, n2 = 37, n3 = 33) with people aged 50-92 were analysed using phenomenographic approaches to explore the different ways older adults perceived their home environments, resulting in four hierarchical conceptions. People displayed vastly different lifetime housing pathways (Clapham, 2005), leading to diverse perceptions about the place and experience of home in their later lives. In assessing the suitability of their housing, older people considered a large number of household members: current, expected or desired co-residents; transitory, short, medium and long-term residents; near and extended family, friends and dependents. This has important implications for policy and design responses on older adult's homes, which are typically focussed on occupancy by one or two individuals. To avoid assumptions about household makeup and usage based solely on the chronological age of residents, the perspective of older adults must be embraced in designing their future housing.
家庭环境对老年人尤为重要，因为他们的生活比年轻时更多地在家中度过。尽管人们关注的是原地养老，但政府和行业优先考虑的住房选择与老年人的需求和偏好之间往往存在不匹配的情况。本文考虑了不同澳大利亚老年人所经历的广泛的家庭环境，并强调了他们使用和思考家庭的各种方式。通过对 50-92 岁人群的三个全国性在线焦点小组（n1=33，n2=37，n3=33）的数据进行现象学分析，探讨了老年人对家庭环境的不同看法，得出了四个层次的概念。人们表现出截然不同的终身住房路径（Clapham，2005），导致他们在晚年对家庭的场所和体验产生了不同的看法。在评估住房的适宜性时，老年人会考虑到许多家庭成员：当前、预期或期望的共同居住者；临时、短期、中期和长期居住者；近亲和远房亲属、朋友和受抚养人。这对老年人住房的政策和设计反应有重要影响，这些反应通常侧重于一两个人的居住。为了避免仅根据居民的年龄来假设家庭构成和用途，在设计老年人的未来住房时，必须采纳老年人的观点。
